Meditation experience is associated with differences in default mode network activity and connectivity

被引:762
作者
Brewer, Judson A. [1 ]
Worhunsky, Patrick D. [1 ]
Gray, Jeremy R. [2 ]
Tang, Yi-Yuan [3 ]
Weber, Jochen [4 ]
Kober, Hedy [1 ]
机构
[1] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06511 USA
[2] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
[3] Univ Oregon, Dept Psychol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA
[4] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychol, New York, NY 10027 USA
关键词
mindfulness; task-positive network; attention; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; MINDFULNESS MEDITATION; MAJOR DEPRESSION; BRAIN-FUNCTION; GRAY-MATTER; ATTENTION; SELF; PRACTITIONERS; DYSFUNCTION;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1112029108
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Many philosophical and contemplative traditions teach that "living in the moment" increases happiness. However, the default mode of humans appears to be that of mind-wandering, which correlates with unhappiness, and with activation in a network of brain areas associated with self-referential processing. We investigated brain activity in experienced meditators and matched meditation-naive controls as they performed several different meditations (Concentration, Loving-Kindness, Choiceless Awareness). We found that the main nodes of the default-mode network (medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices) were relatively deactivated in experienced meditators across all meditation types. Furthermore, functional connectivity analysis revealed stronger coupling in experienced meditators between the posterior cingulate, dorsal anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (regions previously implicated in self-monitoring and cognitive control), both at baseline and during meditation. Our findings demonstrate differences in the default-mode network that are consistent with decreased mind-wandering. As such, these provide a unique understanding of possible neural mechanisms of meditation.
引用
收藏
页码:20254 / 20259
页数:6
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