Recent advances in electrochemical enzyme immunoassays

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are currently the predominant analytical technique for the quantitative determination of a broad variety of analytes in clinical, medical, biotechnological, and environmental significance. Although the most common detection methods for EIAs are based on spectroscopic measurements, electrochemical techniques, due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity and low cost, have emerged as a very attractive alternative to carry out the detection step in this kind of assays. The intention of this review is to cover the progress and development in integrating electrochemical detection methods with EIAs, over the past five years.