Planck 2013 results. XII. Diffuse component separation

被引:253
作者
Ade, P. A. R. [95 ]
Aghanim, N. [67 ]
Armitage-Caplan, C. [100 ]
Arnaud, M. [81 ]
Ashdown, M. [7 ,78 ]
Atrio-Barandela, F. [21 ]
Aumont, J. [67 ]
Baccigalupi, C. [94 ]
Banday, A. J. [12 ,103 ]
Barreiro, R. B. [74 ]
Bartlett, J. G. [1 ,76 ]
Battaner, E. [105 ]
Benabed, K. [68 ,102 ]
Benoit, A. [65 ]
Benoit-Levy, A. [29 ,68 ,102 ]
Bernard, J. -P. [12 ,103 ]
Bersanelli, M. [40 ,56 ]
Bielewicz, P. [12 ,94 ,103 ]
Bobin, J. [81 ]
Bock, J. J. [13 ,76 ]
Bonaldi, A. [77 ]
Bonavera, L. [74 ]
Bond, J. R. [10 ]
Borrill, J. [16 ,98 ]
Bouchet, F. R. [68 ,102 ]
Boulanger, F. [67 ]
Bridges, M. [7 ,71 ,78 ]
Bucher, M. [1 ]
Burigana, C. [38 ,55 ]
Butler, R. C. [55 ]
Cardoso, J. -F. [1 ,68 ,73 ]
Castex, G. [1 ]
Catalano, A. [80 ,82 ]
Challinor, A. [14 ,71 ,78 ]
Chamballu, A. [18 ,67 ,81 ]
Chary, R. -R. [64 ]
Chen, X. [64 ]
Chiang, H. C. [8 ,32 ]
Chiang, L. -Y [70 ]
Christensen, P. R. [43 ,90 ]
Church, S. [99 ]
Clements, D. L. [63 ]
Colombi, S. [68 ,102 ]
Colombo, L. P. L. [28 ,76 ]
Couchot, F. [79 ]
Coulais, A. [80 ]
Crill, B. P. [76 ,91 ]
Cruz, M. [23 ]
Curto, A. [7 ,74 ]
Cuttaia, F. [55 ]
机构
[1] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris 04, APC, CNRS IN2P3,CEA Lrfu,Observ Paris, F-75205 Paris 13, France
[2] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Aalto 00076, Finland
[3] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland
[4] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7945 Cape Town, South Africa
[5] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[6] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy
[7] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England
[8] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math,Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa
[9] ALMA Santiago Cent Off, Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimeter, Santiago 0355, Chile
[10] Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada
[11] CNR, ISTI, Area Ric, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
[12] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France
[13] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[14] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Ctr Theoret Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England
[15] CEFCA, Teruel 44001, Spain
[16] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[17] CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
[18] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[19] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
[20] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
[21] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
[22] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, Oviedo 33007, Spain
[23] Univ Cantabria, Dept Matemat Estadist Computac, E-39005 Santander, Spain
[24] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada
[25] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands
[26] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[27] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
[28] Univ So Calif, Dana & David Dornsife Coll Letter, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
[29] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England
[30] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA
[31] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[32] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[33] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[34] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[35] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA
[36] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[37] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
[38] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
[39] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[40] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[41] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[42] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[43] Niels Bohr Inst, Discovery Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[44] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
[45] ESO Vitacura, European So Observ, Santiago 19001, Chile
[46] European Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Madrid 28692, Spain
[47] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands
[48] Haverford Coll, Dept Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA
[49] Aalto Univ, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[50] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
关键词
cosmic background radiation; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM EMISSION; TEMPERATURE POWER SPECTRUM; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; FULL-SKY; MICROWAVE; RADIATION; TEMPLATE; MODEL; MAP;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201321580
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Planck has produced detailed all-sky observations over nine frequency bands between 30 and 857 GHz. These observations allow robust reconstruction of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations over nearly the full sky, as well as new constraints on Galactic foregrounds, including thermal dust and line emission from molecular carbon monoxide (CO). This paper describes the component separation framework adopted by Planck for many cosmological analyses, including CMB power spectrum determination and likelihood construction on large angular scales, studies of primordial non-Gaussianity and statistical isotropy, the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, gravitational lensing, and searches for topological defects. We test four foreground-cleaned CMB maps derived using qualitatively different component separation algorithms. The quality of our reconstructions is evaluated through detailed simulations and internal comparisons, and shown through various tests to be internally consistent and robust for CMB power spectrum and cosmological parameter estimation up to l = 2000. The parameter constraints on ACDM cosmologies derived from these maps are consistent with those presented in the cross-spectrum based Planck likelihood analysis. We choose two of the CMB maps for specific scientific goals. We also present maps and frequency spectra of the Galactic low-frequency, CO, and thermal dust emission. The component maps are found to provide a faithful representation of the sky, as evaluated by simulations, with the largest bias seen in the CO component at 3%. For the low-frequency component, the spectral index varies widely over the sky, ranging from about beta = 4 to -2. Considering both morphology and prior knowledge of the low frequency components, the index map allows us to associate a steep spectral index (beta < -3.2) with strong anomalous microwave emission, corresponding to a spinning dust spectrum peaking below 20 GHz, a flat index of beta > -2.3 with strong free-free emission, and intermediate values with synchrotron emission.
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页数:31
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    Ashdown, M.
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    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
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    Bonavera, L.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Castex, G.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
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    Chiang, H. C.
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    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
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    Burigana, C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
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    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
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    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
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    Bersanelli, M.
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    Bowyer, J. W.
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    Bucher, M.
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    Chamballu, A.
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    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
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    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Combet, C.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
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    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chen, X.
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    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
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    Couchot, F.
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    de Bernardis, P.
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    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bonavera, L.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y.
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    Davis, R. J.
    de Bernardis, P.
    de Rosa, A.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571