Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission

被引：503

作者：

Abergel, A. ^{[63
]}

Ade, P. A. R. ^{[93
]}

Aghanim, N. ^{[63
]}

Alves, M. I. R. ^{[63
]}

Aniano, G. ^{[63
]}

Armitage-Caplan, C. ^{[97
]}

Arnaud, M. ^{[76
]}

Ashdown, M. ^{[7
,73
]}

Atrio-Barandela, F. ^{[20
]}

Aumont, J. ^{[63
]}

Baccigalupi, C. ^{[92
]}

Banday, A. J. ^{[10
,100
]}

Barreiro, R. B. ^{[70
]}

Bartlett, J. G. ^{[1
,71
]}

Battaner, E. ^{[11
,102
]}

Benabed, K. ^{[64
,99
]}

Benoit, A. ^{[61
]}

Benoit-Levy, A. ^{[27
,64
,99
]}

Bernard, J. -P. ^{[10
,100
]}

Bersanelli, M. ^{[37
,52
]}

Bielewicz, P. ^{[10
,92
,100
]}

Bobin, J. ^{[76
]}

Bock, J. J. ^{[11
,71
]}

Bonaldi, A. ^{[72
]}

Bond, J. R. ^{[9
]}

Borrill, J. ^{[14
]}

Bouchet, F. R. ^{[64
,99
]}

Boulanger, F. ^{[63
]}

Bridges, M. ^{[7
,67
,73
]}

Bucher, M. ^{[1
]}

Burigana, C. ^{[35
,51
]}

Butler, R. C. ^{[51
]}

Cardoso, J. -F. ^{[1
,64
,77
,78
]}

Catalano, A. ^{[75
,79
]}

Chamballu, A. ^{[16
,63
,76
]}

Chary, R. -R. ^{[60
]}

Chiang, H. C. ^{[8
,30
]}

Chiang, L. -Y ^{[66
]}

Christensen, P. R. ^{[40
,87
]}

Church, S. ^{[96
]}

Clemens, M. ^{[47
]}

Clements, D. L. ^{[59
]}

Colombi, S. ^{[64
,99
]}

Colombo, L. P. L. ^{[26
,71
]}

Combet, C. ^{[79
]}

Couchot, F. ^{[74
]}

Coulais, A. ^{[75
]}

Crill, B. P. ^{[71
,88
]}

Curto, A. ^{[7
,70
]}

Cuttaia, F. ^{[51
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite,CEA Irfu,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France

[2] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Aalto 00076, Finland

[3] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland

[4] African Inst Math Sci, Cape Town, South Africa

[5] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[6] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Rome, Italy

[7] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[8] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa

[9] Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada

[10] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France

[11] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[12] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Ctr Theoret Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England

[13] CEFCA, Teruel 44001, Spain

[14] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA

[15] CSIC, Madrid, Spain

[16] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[17] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

[18] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland

[19] Univ Laval, Dept Phys Gen Phys & Opt, Quebec City, PQ, Canada

[20] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain

[21] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain

[22] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada

[23] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands

[24] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[25] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada

[26] Univ So Calif, Dana & David Dornsife Coll Letter Arts & Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[27] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England

[28] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA

[29] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland

[30] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA

[31] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[32] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

[33] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA

[34] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[35] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy

[36] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy

[37] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy

[38] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[39] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00173 Rome, Italy

[40] Niels Bohr Inst, Discovery Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[41] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain

[42] European Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Madrid, Spain

[43] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 Noordwijk, Netherlands

[44] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, Piikkio, Finland

[45] Aalto Univ, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland

[46] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, I-95125 Catania, Italy

[47] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, Padua, Italy

[48] Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy

[49] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

[50] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2014年 / 571卷

关键词：

methods: data analysis; ISM: general; dust; extinction; infrared: ISM; submillimeter: ISM; opacity; INTERSTELLAR MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; INFRARED-EMISSION; H-I; COLUMN DENSITY; DATA RELEASE; FUSE SURVEY; MILKY-WAY; MU-M; EXTINCTION;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201323195

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

This paper presents an all-sky model of dust emission from the Planck 353, 545, and 857 GHz, and IRAS 100 mu m data. Using a modified blackbody fit to the data we present all-sky maps of the dust optical depth, temperature, and spectral index over the 353-3000 GHz range. This model is a good representation of the IRAS and Planck data at 5 0 between 353 and 3000 GHz (850 and 100 mu m). It shows variations of the order of 30% compared with the widely-used model of Finkbeiner, Davis, and Schlegel. The Planck data allow us to estimate the dust temperature uniformly over the whole sky, down to an angular resolution of 5 0, providing an improved estimate of the dust optical depth compared to previous all-sky dust model, especially in high-contrast molecular regions where the dust temperature varies strongly at small scales in response to dust evolution, extinction, and/or local production of heating photons. An increase of the dust opacity at 353 GHz, tau(353)/N-H, from the diffuse to the denser interstellar medium (ISM) is reported. It is associated with a decrease in the observed dust temperature, T-obs, that could be due at least in part to the increased dust opacity. We also report an excess of dust emission at HI column densities lower than 10(20) cm(-2) that could be the signature of dust in the warm ionized medium. In the diffuse ISM at high Galactic latitude, we report an anticorrelation between tau(353)/N-H and T-obs while the dust specific luminosity, i.e., the total dust emission integrated over frequency (the radiance) per hydrogen atom, stays about constant, confirming one of the Planck Early Results obtained on selected fields. This e ff ect is compatible with the view that, in the diffuse ISM, Tobs responds to spatial variations of the dust opacity, due to variations of dust properties, in addition to (small) variations of the radiation field strength. The implication is that in the di ff use high-latitude ISM tau(353) is not as reliable a tracer of dust column density as we conclude it is in molecular clouds where the correlation of tau(353) with dust extinction estimated using colour excess measurements on stars is strong. To estimate Galactic E(B-V) in extragalactic fields at high latitude we develop a new method based on the thermal dust radiance, instead of the dust optical depth, calibrated to E(B-V) using reddening measurements of quasars deduced from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data.

引用

页数：37

共 144 条

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Boulanger, F.
Bridges, M.
Bucher, M.
Burigana, C.
Butler, R. C.
Cardoso, J. -F.
Catalano, A.
Challinor, A.
Chamballu, A.
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Chiang, H. C.
Chiang, L. -Y
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Church, S.
Clements, D. L.
Colombi, S.
Colombo, L. P. L.
Couchot, F.
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Cuttaia, F.
Danese, L.
Davies, R. D.
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← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →

共 144 条

[1] THE SEVENTH DATA RELEASE OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY
Abazajian, Kevork N.
Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K.
Agueros, Marcel A.
Allam, Sahar S.
Prieto, Carlos Allende
An, Deokkeun
Anderson, Kurt S. J.
Anderson, Scott F.
Annis, James
Bahcall, Neta A.
Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.
Barentine, J. C.
Bassett, Bruce A.
Becker, Andrew C.
Beers, Timothy C.
Bell, Eric F.
Belokurov, Vasily
Berlind, Andreas A.
Berman, Eileen F.
Bernardi, Mariangela
Bickerton, Steven J.
Bizyaev, Dmitry
Blakeslee, John P.
Blanton, Michael R.
Bochanski, John J.
Boroski, William N.
Brewington, Howard J.
Brinchmann, Jarle
Brinkmann, J.
Brunner, Robert J.
Budavari, Tamas
Carey, Larry N.
Carliles, Samuel
Carr, Michael A.
Castander, Francisco J.
Cinabro, David
Connolly, A. J.
Csabai, Istvan
Cunha, Carlos E.
Czarapata, Paul C.
Davenport, James R. A.
de Haas, Ernst
Dilday, Ben
Doi, Mamoru
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Evans, Michael L.
Evans, N. W.
Fan, Xiaohui
Friedman, Scott D.
Frieman, Joshua A.
[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2009, 182 (02) : 543 - 558
[2] Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission
Abergel, A.
Ade, P. A. R.
Aghanim, N.
Alves, M. I. R.
Aniano, G.
Armitage-Caplan, C.
Arnaud, M.
Ashdown, M.
Atrio-Barandela, F.
Aumont, J.
Baccigalupi, C.
Banday, A. J.
Barreiro, R. B.
Bartlett, J. G.
Battaner, E.
Benabed, K.
Benoit, A.
Benoit-Levy, A.
Bernard, J. -P.
Bersanelli, M.
Bielewicz, P.
Bobin, J.
Bock, J. J.
Bonaldi, A.
Bond, J. R.
Borrill, J.
Bouchet, F. R.
Boulanger, F.
Bridges, M.
Bucher, M.
Burigana, C.
Butler, R. C.
Cardoso, J. -F.
Catalano, A.
Chamballu, A.
Chary, R. -R.
Chiang, H. C.
Chiang, L. -Y
Christensen, P. R.
Church, S.
Clemens, M.
Clements, D. L.
Colombi, S.
Colombo, L. P. L.
Combet, C.
Couchot, F.
Coulais, A.
Crill, B. P.
Curto, A.
Cuttaia, F.
[J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
[3] Planck intermediate results XVII. Emission of dust in the diffuse interstellar medium from the far-infrared to microwave frequencies
Abergel, A.
Ade, P. A. R.
Aghanim, N.
Alves, M. I. R.
Aniano, G.
Arnaud, M.
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Chiang, H. C.
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Clements, D. L.
Colombi, S.
Colombo, L. P. L.
Couchot, F.
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Crill, B. P.
Curto, A.
Cuttaia, F.
Danese, L.
Davies, R. D.
Davis, R. J.
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Dickinson, C.
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Atrio-Barandela, F.
Aumont, J.
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Battaner, E.
Benabed, K.
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Blagrave, K.
Bobin, J.
Bock, J. J.
Bonaldi, A.
Bond, J. R.
Borrill, J.
Bouchet, F. R.
Boulanger, F.
Bridges, M.
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Burigana, C.
Butler, R. C.
Cardoso, J. -F.
Catalano, A.
Challinor, A.
Chamballu, A.
Chen, X.
Chiang, H. C.
Chiang, L. -Y
Christensen, P. R.
Church, S.
Clements, D. L.
Colombi, S.
Colombo, L. P. L.
Couchot, F.
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