Morphometric analysis of human bone biopsies:: A quantitative structural comparison of histological sections and micro-computed tomography

As a part of the European Union BIOMED I study "Assessment of Bone Quality in Osteoporosis," the trabecular structure of transiliac bone biopsies was assessed by conventional histomorphometry and by three-dimensional micro-computed tomography (mu CT). Sixty-three cylindrical human transiliac bone specimens were obtained post mortem from 27 women and 36 men (age 23-92 years) and evaluated morphometrically in this study, For the conventional histomorphometric analysis, a pair of four undecalcified sections were prepared from two regions in the mediolateral plane of the bone cores. The sections were stained with the von Kossa technique to obtain high-contrast two-dimensional images. Prior to the histologic sectioning the samples were measured with a desktop mu CT, providing a 14 mu m nominal resolution. The morphometric parameters computed by both methods in two or three dimensions, respectively, were bone volume density (BV/TV), bone surface density (BS/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb,Th), and trabecular separation (Tb,Sp), Results showed highly significant (p < 0.0001) correlations between conventional histology and mu CT for BV/TV (r = 0,93), BS/TV (r = 0.91), Tb.Th (r = 0.84), and Tb.Sp (r = 0,91), The mean percentage differences between histology and I.ECT ranged from 2.5% (BV/TV) to 6.1% (Tb,Th), The high correlations and the low differences in terms of absolute numbers between conventional histomorphometric and micro-tomographic analysis are very promising for the use of micro-tomographic imaging. mu CT is a nondestructive, fast, and very precise procedure that allows the measurement of cancellous and compact bone in unprocessed biopsies or small bones, as well as a fully automatic determination of three-dimensional morphometric indices. (Bone 23:59-66; 1998) (C) 1998 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.