A possible emerging role of phytochemicals in improving age-related neurological dysfunctions: A multiplicity of effects

被引:320
作者
Youdim, KA [1 ]
Joseph, JA [1 ]
机构
[1] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Neurosci, Boston, MA USA
关键词
memory; learning; aging; phytochemicals; polyphenolics; free radicals;
D O I
10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00510-4
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
It is rare to see a day pass in which we are not told through some popular medium that the population is becoming older. Along with this information comes the "new" revelation that as we enter the next millennium there will be increases in age-associated diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disease) including the most devastating of these, which involve the nervous system (e.g., Alzheimer's disease [AD] and Parkinson's disease [PD]). It is estimated that within the next 50 years approximately 30% of the population will be aged 65 years or older. Of those between 75 and 84 years of age, 6 million will exhibit some form of AD symptoms, and of those older than 85 years, over 12 million will have some form of dementia associated with AD. What appears more ominous is that many cognitive changes occur even in the absence of specific age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Common components thought to contribute to the manifestation of these disorders and normal age-related declines in brain performance are increased susceptibility to long-term effects of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory insults. Unless some means is found to reduce these age-related decrements in neuronal function, health care costs will continue to rise exponentially. Thus, it is extremely important to explore methods to retard or reverse age-related neuronal deficits as well as their subsequent, behavioral manifestations. Fortunately, the growth of knowledge in the biochemistry of cell viability has opened new avenues of research focused at identifying new therapeutic agents that could potentially disrupt the perpetual cycle of events involved in the decrements associated with these detrimental processes. In this regard, a new role in which certain dietary components may play important roles in alleviating certain disorders are beginning to receive increased attention, in particular those involving phytochemicals found in fruits and vegetables. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:583 / 594
页数:12
相关论文
共 177 条
[1]  
Agnoli A, 1973, Minerva Med, V64, P4166
[2]   Platelet-activating factor is an important mediator in hypoxic ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat [J].
Akisü, M ;
Kültürsay, N ;
Coker, I ;
Hüseyinov, A .
BIOLOGY OF THE NEONATE, 1998, 74 (06) :439-444
[3]   The effect of meclofenoxate with ginkgo biloba extract or zinc on lipid peroxide, some free radical scavengers and the cardiovascular system of aged rats [J].
Al-Zuhair, H ;
El-Fattah, AAA ;
El-Sayed, MI .
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 1998, 38 (01) :65-72
[4]  
[Anonymous], [No title captured]
[5]   Intrahippocampal grafts containing cholinergic and serotonergic fetal neurons ameliorate spatial reference but not working memory in rats with fimbria-fornix/cingular bundle lesions [J].
Balse, E ;
Lazarus, C ;
Kelche, C ;
Jeltsch, H ;
Jackisch, R ;
Cassel, JC .
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN, 1999, 49 (04) :263-272
[6]   DRUGS TO TREAT AGE-RELATED NEURODEGENERATIVE PROBLEMS - THE FINAL FRONTIER OF MEDICAL SCIENCE [J].
BARTUS, RT .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, 1990, 38 (06) :680-695
[7]   EFFECTS OF GINSENOSIDE-RB1 ON CENTRAL CHOLINERGIC METABOLISM [J].
BENISHIN, CG ;
LEE, R ;
WANG, LCH ;
LIU, HJ .
PHARMACOLOGY, 1991, 42 (04) :223-229
[8]   Systemic oxidative stress and cognitive performance in the population-based EVA study [J].
Berr, C ;
Richard, MJ ;
Roussel, AM ;
Bonithon-Kopp, C .
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, 1998, 24 (7-8) :1202-1208
[9]   MOTOR LEARNING-DEFICITS IN AGED RATS ARE CORRELATED WITH LOSS OF CEREBELLAR NORADRENERGIC FUNCTION [J].
BICKFORD, P .
BRAIN RESEARCH, 1993, 620 (01) :133-138
[10]   Antioxidant-rich diets improve cerebellar physiology and motor learning in aged rats [J].
Bickford, PC ;
Gould, T ;
Briederick, L ;
Chadman, K ;
Pollock, A ;
Young, D ;
Shukitt-Hale, B ;
Joseph, J .
BRAIN RESEARCH, 2000, 866 (1-2) :211-217