The nonequilibrium thermodynamics of small systems

被引：569

作者：

Bustamante, C ^{[1
]}

Liphardt, J

Ritort, F

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

来源：

PHYSICS TODAY | 2005年 / 58卷 / 07期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1063/1.2012462

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

The interactions of tiny objects with their environments are. dominated by thermal fluctuations. Guided by theory and assisted by new micromanipulation tools, scientists have begun to study such interactions in detail.

引用

页码：43 / 48

页数：6

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