Inter-individual variability in propofol pharmacokinetics in preterm and term neonates

被引:105
作者
Allegaert, K.
Peeters, M. Y.
Verbesselt, R.
Tibboel, D.
Naulaers, G.
de Hoon, J. N.
Knibbe, C. A.
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, Neonatal Intens Care Unit, Div Woman & Child, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium
[2] Univ Hosp Gasthuisberg, Ctr Clin Pharmacol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium
[3] Sophia Childrens Univ Hosp, Erasmus MC, Dept Paediat Surg, Rotterdam, Netherlands
[4] St Antonius Hosp, Dept Clin Pharm, NL-3430 EM Nieuwegein, Netherlands
[5] Leiden Univ, Div Pharmacol, Leiden Amsterdam Ctr Drug Res, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
关键词
anaesthetics i. v; propofol; neonates; pharmacology; sedation;
D O I
10.1093/bja/aem294
中图分类号
R614 [麻醉学];
学科分类号
100217 ;
摘要
Background: To document covariates which contribute to inter-individual variability in propofol pharmacokinetics in preterm and term neonates. Methods: Population pharmacokinetics were estimated (non-linear mixed effect modelling) based on the arterial blood samples collected in (pre)term neonates after i.v. bolus administration of propofol (3 mg kg(-1), 10 s). Covariate analysis included postmenstrual age (PMA), postnatal age (PNA), gestational age, weight, and serum creatinine. Results: Two hundred and thirty-five arterial concentration-time points were collected in 25 neonates. Median weight was 2930 (range 680-4030) g, PMA 38 (27-43) weeks, and PNA 8 (1-25) days. In a three-compartment model, PMA was the most predictive covariate for clearance (P < 0.001) when parameterized as [CLstd.(PMA/38)(11.5)]. Standardized propofol clearance (CLstd) at 38 weeks PMA was 0.029 litre min(-1). The addition of a fixed value in neonates with a PNA of >= 10 days further improved the model (P < 0.001) and resulted in the equation [CLstd.(PMA/38)(11.5) +0.03] for neonates >= 10 days. Values for central volume (1.32 litre), peripheral volume 1 (15.4 litre), and peripheral volume 2 (1.29 litre) were not significantly influenced by any of the covariates (P > 0.001). Conclusions: PMA and PNA contribute to the inter-individual variability of propofol clearance with very fast maturation of clearance in neonatal life. This implicates that preterm neonates and neonates in the first week of postnatal life are at an increased risk for accumulation during either intermittent bolus or continuous administration of propofol.
引用
收藏
页码:864 / 870
页数:7
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