Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Hospitalization and Mortality

被引:212
作者
Gan, Wen Qi [1 ]
Koehoorn, Mieke [1 ,2 ]
Davies, Hugh W. [1 ]
Demers, Paul A. [1 ,2 ]
Tamburic, Lillian [3 ]
Brauer, Michael [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Sch Environm Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
[2] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
[3] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Hlth Serv & Policy Res, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
基金
加拿大健康研究院;
关键词
air pollution; cohort studies; coronary heart disease; particulate matter; vehicle emissions; DIESEL-EXHAUST INHALATION; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; ST-SEGMENT DEPRESSION; LAND-USE REGRESSION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIOPULMONARY MORTALITY; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; ARTERY-DISEASE; ASSOCIATION;
D O I
10.1289/ehp.1002511
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that exposure to road traffic is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to identify specific traffic-related air pollutants that are associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality to support evidence-based environmental policy making. METHODS: This population-based cohort study included a 5-year exposure period and a 4-year follow-up period. All residents 45-85 years of age who resided in Metropolitan Vancouver during the exposure period and without known CHD at baseline were included in this study (n = 452,735). Individual exposures to traffic-related air pollutants including black carbon, fine particles [aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m (PM2.5)], nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitric oxide were estimated at residences of the subjects using land-use regression models and integrating changes in residences during the exposure period. CHD hospitalizations and deaths during the follow-up period were identified from provincial hospitalization and death registration records. RESULTS: An interquartile range elevation in the average concentration of black carbon (0.94 x 10(-5)/m filter absorbance, equivalent to approximately 0.8 mu g/m(3) elemental carbon) was associated with a 3% increase in CHD hospitalization (95% confidence interval, 1-5%) and a 6% increase in CHD mortality (3-9%) after adjusting for age, sex, preexisting comorbidity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and copollutants (PM2.5 and NO2). There were clear linear exposure-response relationships between black carbon and coronary events. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to traffic-related fine particulate air pollution, indicated by black carbon, may partly explain the observed associations between exposure to road traffic and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
引用
收藏
页码:501 / 507
页数:7
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