Inherent association between academic delay of gratification, future time perspective, and self-regulated learning

We review the association between delay of gratification and future time perspective (FTP), which can be incorporated within the theoretical perspective of self-regulation of learning. We propose that delay of gratification in academic contexts, along with facilitative beliefs about the future, increase the likelihood of completing academic tasks. Discussed are ( a) classic and current theoretical views of delay of gratification, (b) FTP and its association with delay of gratification, ( c) evidence for the association between delay of gratification and FTP that enhances our understanding of academic success from a self-regulated learning approach, and (d) implications for instruction, and considerations of FTP for understanding achievement-related delay. Suggestions for further research are also discussed.