Genetic approaches to polyketide antibiotics. 1

The predictable relationship between the structure and function of the modular type of microbial polyketide synthases (PKSs) has allowed genetic manipulation of the biosynthetic pathways for production of novel variants of classes of naturally occurring compounds. Expression of native or engineered PKSs genes and those that govern precursor supply and post-PKS modification of the metabolite, in heterologous hosts is also an important aspect of developing commercial systems for drug production. An overview is given of the initial technology enabling studies pertaining to polyketide manipulation and a comprehensive review of the more recent advances that have set the stage for broader use of the technology.