New approaches to nanofabrication: Molding, printing, and other techniques

This review covers research published in nanofabrication during the interval from 1999 to mid-2004 and to specific techniques demonstrated to be capable of patterning a substrate with features ≤100 nm in both lateral and vertical dimensions. The first area of unconventional nanofabrication reviewed is a set of techniques that uses organic materials to replicate nanoscale patterns or masters. The second area is scanning probe lithography (SPL). The last two areas are edge lithography and self-assembly. Overall, these approaches are expected to be useful in research laboratories wishing to explore ideas in nanoscience.