UV light induced surface expansion phenomenon of hybrid glass thin films

Liquid-phase deposition of sol-gel method derived hybrid glass materials is utilized for fabrication of UV-light-sensitive thin films. The hybrid glass material undergoes a surface-relief deformation when exposed to UV light. The observed deformation phenomenon is in the form of a physical expansion of the exposed areas. The UV light induced surface expansion of the hybrid glass film was used to fabricate near-sinusoidal diffraction gratings with periods of 24 mum, 18 mum, 12 mum, and 9 mum. The maximum deformation when the material was patterned as a diffraction grating was 0.685 mum. The hybrid glass material features an index of refraction of 1.52 at 632.8 nm, rms surface roughness of 2.2 +/- 0.8 nm after processing, and extinction coefficients of 1.2 x 10(-3) mum(-1) and 0.47 x 10(-3) mum(-1) at wavelengths of 633 nm and 1550 nm, respectively. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.