Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems

被引：2027

作者：

Doney, Scott C. ^{[1
]}

Ruckelshaus, Mary ^{[2
,3
]}

Duffy, J. Emmett ^{[4
]}

Barry, James P. ^{[5
]}

Chan, Francis ^{[6
]}

English, Chad A. ^{[7
]}

Galindo, Heather M. ^{[8
]}

Grebmeier, Jacqueline M. ^{[9
]}

Hollowed, Anne B. ^{[10
]}

Knowlton, Nancy ^{[11
]}

Polovina, Jeffrey ^{[12
]}

Rabalais, Nancy N. ^{[13
]}

Sydeman, William J. ^{[14
]}

Talley, Lynne D. ^{[15
]}

机构：

[1] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Chem & Geochem Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[3] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA

[4] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA

[5] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA

[6] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA

[7] Commun Partnership Sci & Sea, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA

[8] Commun Partnership Sci & Sea, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[9] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA

[10] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA

[11] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA

[12] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[13] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA

[14] Farallon Inst, Petaluma, CA 94975 USA

[15] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

来源：

ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 4 | 2012年 / 4卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

trophic structure; hypoxia; diversity; food webs; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; LONG-TERM; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; CORAL-REEFS; COASTAL; TRENDS; CARBON; OXYGEN; FUTURE;

D O I：

10.1146/annurev-marine-041911-111611

中图分类号：

P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];

学科分类号：

0708 ; 070902 ;

摘要：

In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and ocean acidification, with potentially wide-ranging biological effects. Population-level shifts are occurring because of physiological intolerance to new environments, altered dispersal patterns, and changes in species interactions. Together with local climate-driven invasion and extinction, these processes result in altered community structure and diversity, including possible emergence of novel ecosystems. Impacts are particularly striking for the poles and the tropics, because of the sensitivity of polar ecosystems to sea-ice retreat and poleward species migrations as well as the sensitivity of coral-algal symbiosis to minor increases in temperature. Midlatitude upwelling systems, like the California Current, exhibit strong linkages between climate and species distributions, phenology, and demography. Aggregated effects may modify energy and material flows as well as biogeochemical cycles, eventually impacting the overall ecosystem functioning and services upon which people and societies depend.

引用

页码：11 / 37

页数：27

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