Microbial degradation of the benzonitrile herbicides dichlobenil, bromoxynil and ioxynil in soil and subsurface environments - Insights into degradation pathways, persistent metabolites and involved degrader organisms

被引：77

作者：

Holtze, Maria S. ^{[1
]}

Sorensen, Sebastian R. ^{[1
]}

Sorensen, Jan ^{[2
]}

Aamand, Jens ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland GEUS, Dept Geochem, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

[2] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Life Sci, Dept Ecol, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION | 2008年 / 154卷 / 02期

关键词：

benzonitrile herbicides; degradation pathways; metabolites; groundwater contamination; review;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envpol.2007.09.020

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The benzonitriles dichlobenil, bromoxynil and ioxynil are important broad-spectrum or selective herbicides used in agriculture, orchards and public areas worldwide. The dichlobenil metabolite 2,6-dichlorobenzamide is the most frequently encountered groundwater contaminant in Denmark, which suggests that the environmental fate of these three structurally related benzonitrile herbicides should be addressed in detail. This review surnmarises the current knowledge on microbial degradation of dichlobenil, bromoxynil and ioxynil with particular focus on common features of degradation rates and pathways, accumulation of persistent metabolites and diversity of the involved degrader organisms. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：155 / 168

页数：14

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