Mental models and the suppositional account of conditionals

被引:68
作者
Barrouillet, Pierre [1 ]
Gauffroy, Caroline [1 ]
Lecas, Jean-Francois [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Geneva, Fac Psychol & Sci Educ, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
[2] Univ Bourgogne, LEAD CNRS, Dijon, France
关键词
reasoning; conditional; mental models; suppositional theory; development of reasoning;
D O I
10.1037/0033-295X.115.3.760
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The mental model theory of conditional reasoning presented by P. N. Johnson-Laird and R. M. J. Byrne (2002) has recently been the subject of criticisms (e.g., J. St. B. T. Evans, D. E. Over, & S. J. Handley, 2005). The authors argue that the theoretical conflict can be resolved by differentiating 2 kinds of reasoning, reasoning about possibilities given the truth of assertions and reasoning about the truth of assertions given possibilities. The standard mental model theory accounts for the former kind of reasoning but does not adequately account for the latter, contrary to the suppositional approach favored by J. St. B. T. Evans et al. (2005). The authors thus propose a modified mental model theory of conditionals that reconciles the 2 theoretical approaches. It is demonstrated that this theory is able to explain the key findings that have been opposed to the standard theory by J. St. B. T. Evans et al. and makes new predictions that are empirically verified.
引用
收藏
页码:760 / 772
页数:13
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