Influence of microbial concentration on the rheology of non-Newtonian fermentation broths

The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of fungal biomass concentration on the rheology of non-Newtonian fermentation systems. Batch fermentations of Penicillium chrysogenum were carried out with glucose as the sole carbon source. The flow behavior of the system was characterized at various fermentation times and was adequately described by the power-law model. The apparent viscosity of the fermentation broth was significantly affected by biomass concentrations in the fermenter. Fermentation broths containing 17.71 g/l biomass as dry weight were characterized by an apparent viscosity of 0.25 Pa s at a shear rate of 50 s(-1). Microbial concentration also affected the power-law flow-behavior index and the consistency index. The value of the consistency index ranged from 0.002 Pa s(n) at a biomass concentration of 0.1 g/l to 6.14 Pa s(n) at a biomass concentration of 17.71 g/l. The flow-behavior index decreased from an initial value of 1 to a final value of 0.17. Simple empirical correlations have been proposed to quantify the dependence of the power-law parameters on fungal biomass concentration. Experimental data obtained in this study were accurately described by these correlations. The general applicability of these relationships was tested, using previously published rheological data on Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus niger fermentation broths, and good agreement was seen between experimental correlations.