Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity

被引:158
作者
Chen, Jerry L. [1 ,2 ]
Lin, Walter C. [1 ,3 ]
Cha, Jae Won [4 ]
So, Peter T. [4 ,5 ]
Kubota, Yoshiyuki [6 ,7 ,8 ]
Nedivi, Elly [1 ,2 ,9 ]
机构
[1] MIT, Picower Inst Learning & Memory, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[2] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard MIT Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[4] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[5] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[6] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan
[7] Natl Inst Physiol Sci, Div Cerebral Circuitry, Okazaki, Aichi 444, Japan
[8] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Physiol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
[9] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
关键词
OCULAR DOMINANCE PLASTICITY; EXPERIENCE-DEPENDENT PLASTICITY; PRIMARY VISUAL-CORTEX; CRITICAL PERIOD; MONOCULAR DEPRIVATION; MOUSE MODEL; INTERNEURONS; RESPONSES; NEURONS; CONNECTIONS;
D O I
10.1038/nn.2799
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Although inhibition has been implicated in mediating plasticity in the adult brain, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we present a structural mechanism for the role of inhibition in experience-dependent plasticity. Using chronic in vivo two-photon microscopy in the mouse neocortex, we show that experience drives structural remodeling of superficial layer 2/3 interneurons in an input- and circuit-specific manner, with up to 16% of branch tips undergoing remodeling. Visual deprivation initially induces dendritic branch retractions, and this is accompanied by a loss of inhibitory inputs onto neighboring pyramidal cells. The resulting decrease in inhibitory tone, also achievable pharmacologically using the antidepressant fluoxetine, provides a permissive environment for further structural adaptation, including addition of new synapse-bearing branch tips. Our findings suggest that therapeutic approaches that reduce inhibition, when combined with an instructive stimulus, could facilitate restructuring of mature circuits impaired by damage or disease, improving function and perhaps enhancing cognitive abilities.
引用
收藏
页码:587 / U73
页数:10
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