Glaciohydrology of the Himalaya-Karakoram

被引:124
作者
Azam, Mohd. Farooq [1 ]
Kargel, Jeffrey S. [2 ]
Shea, Joseph M. [3 ]
Nepal, Santosh [4 ]
Haritashya, Umesh K. [5 ]
Srivastava, Smriti [1 ]
Maussion, Fabien [6 ]
Qazi, Nuzhat [7 ]
Chevallier, Pierre [8 ]
Dimri, A. P. [9 ]
Kulkarni, Anil V. [10 ]
Cogley, J. Graham
Bahuguna, Isamohan [11 ]
机构
[1] Indian Inst Technol Indore, Discipline Civil Engn, Simrol 453552, India
[2] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA
[3] Univ Northern British Columbia, Geog Program, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada
[4] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev, Kathmandu, Nepal
[5] Univ Dayton, Dept Geol & Environm Geosci, Dayton, OH 45469 USA
[6] Univ Innsbruck, Dept Atmospher & Cryospher Sci, Innsbruck, Austria
[7] Natl Inst Hydrol, Roorkee, Uttar Pradesh, India
[8] Univ Montpellier, Hydrosci Lab, CNRS, IRD,CC 57, F-34090 Montpellier, France
[9] Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, Sch Environm Sci, New Delhi, India
[10] Indian Inst Sci, Div Ctr Climate Change, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
[11] Space Applicat Ctr, Ahmadabad, India
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
UPPER INDUS BASIN; CHHOTA SHIGRI GLACIER; DEBRIS-COVERED GLACIERS; FUTURE HYDROLOGICAL REGIMES; SURFACE-ENERGY BALANCE; ANNUAL MASS BALANCES; CHANGRI NUP GLACIER; RISING RIVER FLOWS; HIGH-MOUNTAIN ASIA; SEA-LEVEL RISE;
D O I
10.1126/science.abf3668
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Understanding the response of Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) rivers to climate change is crucial for similar to 1 billion people who partly depend on these water resources. Policy-makers tasked with sustainable water resources management require an assessment of the rivers' current status and potential future changes. We show that glacier and snow melt are important components of HK rivers, with greater hydrological importance for the Indus basin than for the Ganges and Brahmaputra basins. Total river runoff, glacier melt, and seasonality of flow are projected to increase until the 2050s, with some exceptions and large uncertainties. Critical knowledge gaps severely affect modeled contributions of different runoff components, future runoff volumes, and seasonality. Therefore, comprehensive field observation-based and remote sensing-based methods and models are needed.
引用
收藏
页码:869 / +
页数:18
相关论文
共 250 条
[51]  
Dumont M, 2014, NAT GEOSCI, V7, P509, DOI [10.1038/NGEO2180, 10.1038/ngeo2180]
[52]   Comparing the ISBA and J2000 approaches for surface flows modelling at the local scale in the Everest region [J].
Eeckman, Judith ;
Nepal, Santosh ;
Chevallier, Pierre ;
Camensuli, Gauthier ;
Delclaux, Francois ;
Boone, Aaron ;
De Rouw, Anneke .
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, 2019, 569 :705-719
[53]   Providing a non-deterministic representation of spatial variability of precipitation in the Everest region [J].
Eeckman, Judith ;
Chevallier, Pierre ;
Boone, Aaron ;
Neppel, Luc ;
De Rouw, Anneke ;
Delclaux, Francois ;
Koirala, Devesh .
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, 2017, 21 (09) :4879-4893
[54]   Meltwater runoff in a changing climate (1951-2099) at Chhota Shigri Glacier, Western Himalaya, Northern India [J].
Engelhardt, Markus ;
Leclercq, Paul ;
Eidhammer, Trude ;
Kumar, Pankaj ;
Landgren, Oskar ;
Rasmussen, Roy .
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, 2017, 58 (75) :47-58
[55]   Results from the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment Phase 2 (ITMIX2) [J].
Farinotti, Daniel ;
Brinkerhoff, Douglas J. ;
Fuerst, Johannes J. ;
Gantayat, Prateek ;
Gillet-Chaulet, Fabien ;
Huss, Matthias ;
Leclercq, Paul W. ;
Maurer, Hansruedi ;
Morlighem, Mathieu ;
Pandit, Ankur ;
Rabatel, Antoine ;
Ramsankaran, R. A. A. J. ;
Reerink, Thomas J. ;
Robo, Ellen ;
Rouges, Emmanuel ;
Tamre, Erik ;
van Pelt, Ward J. J. ;
Werder, Mauro A. ;
Azam, Mohod Farooq ;
Li, Huilin ;
Andreassen, Liss M. .
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE, 2021, 8
[56]   A consensus estimate for the ice thickness distribution of all glaciers on Earth [J].
Farinotti, Daniel ;
Huss, Matthias ;
Fuerst, Johannes J. ;
Landmann, Johannes ;
Machguth, Horst ;
Maussion, Fabien ;
Pandit, Ankur .
NATURE GEOSCIENCE, 2019, 12 (03) :168-+
[57]   How accurate are estimates of glacier ice thickness? Results from ITMIX, the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment [J].
Farinotti, Daniel ;
Brinkerhoff, Douglas J. ;
Clarke, Garry K. C. ;
Fuerst, Johannes J. ;
Frey, Holger ;
Gantayat, Prateek ;
Gillet-Chaulet, Fabien ;
Girard, Claire ;
Huss, Matthias ;
Leclercq, Paul W. ;
Linsbauer, Andreas ;
Machguth, Horst ;
Martin, Carlos ;
Maussion, Fabien ;
Morlighem, Mathieu ;
Mosbeux, Cyrille ;
Pandit, Ankur ;
Portmann, Andrea ;
Rabatel, Antoine ;
Ramsankaran, Raaj ;
Reerink, Thomas J. ;
Sanchez, Olivier ;
Stentoft, Peter A. ;
Kumari, Sangita Singh ;
van Pelt, Ward J. J. ;
Anderson, Brian ;
Benham, Toby ;
Binder, Daniel ;
Dowdeswell, Julian A. ;
Fischer, Andrea ;
Helfricht, Kay ;
Kutuzov, Stanislav ;
Lavrentiev, Ivan ;
McNabb, Robert ;
Gudmundsson, G. Hilmar ;
Li, Huilin ;
Andreassen, Liss M. .
CRYOSPHERE, 2017, 11 (02) :949-970
[58]  
Forsythe N, 2017, NAT CLIM CHANGE, V7, P664, DOI [10.1038/nclimate3361, 10.1038/NCLIMATE3361]
[59]   Conflicting signals of climatic change in the Upper Indus Basin [J].
Fowler, H. J. ;
Archer, D. R. .
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2006, 19 (17) :4276-4293
[60]   Estimating the volume of glaciers in the Himalayan-Karakoram region using different methods [J].
Frey, H. ;
Machguth, H. ;
Huss, M. ;
Huggel, C. ;
Bajracharya, S. ;
Bolch, T. ;
Kulkarni, A. ;
Linsbauer, A. ;
Salzmann, N. ;
Stoffel, M. .
CRYOSPHERE, 2014, 8 (06) :2313-2333