Magnetic resonance imaging of glutamate

被引：547

作者：

Cai, Kejia ^{[1
]}

Haris, Mohammad ^{[1
]}

Singh, Anup ^{[1
]}

Kogan, Feliks ^{[1
]}

Greenberg, Joel H. ^{[2
]}

Hariharan, Hari ^{[1
]}

Detre, John A. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Reddy, Ravinder ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Ctr Magnet Resonance & Opt Imaging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[2] Univ Penn, Dept Neurol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[3] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Ctr Funct Neuroimaging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

来源：

NATURE MEDICINE | 2012年 / 18卷 / 02期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; IN-VIVO; HUMAN BRAIN; CONTRAST AGENTS; MRI; PH; QUANTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; PENUMBRA;

D O I：

10.1038/nm.2615

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

070307 [化学生物学]; 071010 [生物化学与分子生物学];

摘要：

Glutamate, a major neurotransmitter in the brain, shows a pH- and concentration-dependent chemical exchange saturation transfer effect (GluCEST) between its amine group and bulk water, with potential for in vivo imaging by nuclear magnetic resonance. GluCEST asymmetry is observed similar to 3 p.p.m. downfield from bulk water. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat brain resulted in an similar to 100% elevation of GluCEST in the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side, predominantly owing to pH changes. In a rat brain tumor model with blood-brain barrier disruption, intravenous glutamate injection resulted in a clear elevation of GluCEST and a similar increase in the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal of glutamate. GluCEST maps from healthy human brain were also obtained. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using GluCEST for mapping relative changes in glutamate concentration, as well as pH, in vivo. Contributions from other brain metabolites to the GluCEST effect are also discussed.

引用

页码：302 / 306

页数：5

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