Biomass recalcitrance: Engineering plants and enzymes for biofuels production

被引:3325
作者
Himmel, Michael E. [1 ]
Ding, Shi-You
Johnson, David K.
Adney, William S.
Nimlos, Mark R.
Brady, John W.
Foust, Thomas D.
机构
[1] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA
[2] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
[3] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1126/science.1137016
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Lignocellulosic biomass has long been recognized as a potential sustainable source of mixed sugars for fermentation to biofuels and other biomaterials. Several technologies have been developed during the past 80 years that allow this conversion process to occur, and the clear objective now is to make this process cost-competitive in today's markets. Here, we consider the natural resistance of plant cell walls to microbial and enzymatic deconstruction, collectively known as "biomass recalcitrance." It is this property of plants that is largely responsible for the high cost of lignocellulose conversion. To achieve sustainable energy production, it will be necessary to overcome the chemical and structural properties that have evolved in biomass to prevent its disassembly.
引用
收藏
页码:804 / 807
页数:4
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