Removal of Residual Diiodooctane Improves Photostability of High-Performance Organic Solar Cell Polymers

被引:242
作者
de Villers, Bertrand J. Tremolet [1 ]
O'Hara, Kathryn A. [2 ]
Ostrowski, David P. [3 ]
Biddle, Perry H. [4 ]
Shaheen, Sean E. [3 ,5 ,6 ]
Chabinyc, Michael L. [2 ]
Olson, Dana C. [1 ]
Kopidakis, Nikos [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Nanosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[3] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[4] Goshen Coll, Goshen, IN 46526 USA
[5] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[6] Univ Colorado, Renewable & Sustainable Energy Inst RASEI, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
LOW-BANDGAP POLYMER; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; SINGLET OXYGEN; MORPHOLOGY; ADDITIVES; PHOTODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; STABILITY; POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); PHOTOVOLTAICS;
D O I
10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b04346
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Solvent additives such as diiodooctane (DIO) are becoming ubiquitous in processing high performance organic photovoltaic (OPV) active layers. Here, we investigate the effects of DIO on the long-term stability of the active layer by studying the photodegradation under ambient white light illumination of the polymer PTB7-Th in pure polymer thin films and in blend films with PC71BM. Using X-ray fluorescence, we directly detect iodine in the active layer films, indicating the presence of residual DIO after casting from solution. Additionally, we show that this residual DIO dramatically decreases the photostability of the active layer. Structural changes in the films upon illumination are probed with grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). FTIR spectroscopy is used to monitor chemical changes in the polymer structure during irradiation in the presence of DIO. Furthermore, we demonstrate that film treatment either with high vacuum (10(-8) Torr) for 60 min or with a high-temperature thermal anneal at 175 degrees C for 30 min removes residual DIO from the film and delays photodegradation. Therefore, when processing polymer solar cells with DIO-containing solutions, it is imperative to remove any trace amounts of DIO from deposited films.
引用
收藏
页码:876 / 884
页数:9
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