The Src substrate Tks5, podosomes (Invadopodia), and cancer cell invasion

Some years ago, we employed a screen of phage cDNA expression libraries to identify novel substrates of the protein tyrosine kinase Src. One of these, Tks5 (previously known as Fish), is a large scaffolding protein with an amino-terminal PX domain and five SH3 domains. In normal fibroblasts, Tks5 is cytoplasmic, but the protein is found in podosomes when the cells are transformed with Src. Using short interfering RNA technology, we have shown that Tks5 is required for podosome formation. Furthermore, cells with reduced Tks5 expression are poorly invasive through Matrigel. Tks5 is expressed and localized to podosomes in invasive human cancer cell lines and in tumor tissue, particularly breast cancers and melanomas. In these cells too, Tks5 is required for invasion. Our future work will focus on the identification of the binding partners of Tks5 that are responsible for podosome formation and invasion, and on determining the role of Tks5 in animal models of metastasis.