Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines

被引：5791

作者：

Murray, Peter J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Allen, Judith E. ^{[3
]}

Biswas, Subhra K. ^{[4
]}

Fisher, Edward A. ^{[5
]}

Gilroy, Derek W. ^{[6
]}

Goerdt, Sergij ^{[7
]}

Gordon, Siamon ^{[8
]}

Hamilton, John A. ^{[9
,10
]}

Ivashkiv, Lionel B. ^{[11
,12
]}

Lawrence, Toby ^{[13
]}

Locati, Massimo ^{[14
]}

Mantovani, Alberto ^{[14
]}

Martinez, Fernando O. ^{[15
]}

Mege, Jean-Louis ^{[16
]}

Mosser, David M. ^{[17
]}

Natoli, Gioacchino ^{[18
]}

Saeij, Jeroen P. ^{[19
]}

Schultze, Joachim L. ^{[20
]}

Shirey, Kari Ann ^{[21
]}

Sica, Antonio ^{[22
,23
]}

Suttles, Jill ^{[24
]}

Udalova, Irina ^{[25
]}

van Ginderachter, Jo A. ^{[26
,27
]}

Vogel, Stefanie N. ^{[21
]}

Wynn, Thomas A. ^{[28
]}

机构：

[1] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Memphis, TN 38105 USA

[2] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Immunol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA

[3] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Immun Infect & Evolut, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Midlothian, Scotland

[4] ASTAR, Singapore Immunol Network, Singapore 138648, Singapore

[5] NYU, Sch Med, Ctr Prevent Cardiovasc Dis, New York, NY USA

[6] UCL, Rayne Inst, Div Med, London WC1 6JJ, England

[7] Heidelberg Univ, Univ Med Ctr Mannheim, Dept Dermatol, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany

[8] Univ Oxford, Sir William Dunn Sch Pathol, Oxford OX1 3RE, England

[9] Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia

[10] Royal Melbourne Hosp, Parkville, Vic 3050, Australia

[11] Cornell Univ, Hosp Special Surg, New York, NY 10021 USA

[12] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA

[13] Ctr Immunol Marseille Luminy, F-13009 Marseille, France

[14] Univ Milan, Sch Med, Ist Clin Humanitas, I-20089 Milan, Italy

[15] Univ Oxford, Botnar Res Ctr, Nuffield Dept Orthopaed Rheumatol & Musculoskelet, Oxford OX3 7LD, England

[16] Aix Marseille Univ, F-13285 Marseille, France

[17] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[18] European Inst Oncol, Dept Expt Oncol, I-20146 Milan, Italy

[19] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[20] Univ Bonn, LIMES Inst, D-32115 Bonn, Germany

[21] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[22] Ist Clin Humanitas, I-20089 Milan, Italy

[23] Univ Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, I-28100 Novara, Italy

[24] Univ Louisville, Sch Med, Louisville, KY 40292 USA

[25] Univ Oxford, Kennedy Inst Rheumatol, Oxford OX3 7FY, England

[26] Vrije Univ Brussel, Cellular & Mol Immunol Lab, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[27] VIB, Lab Myeloid Cell Immunol, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

[28] NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

来源：

IMMUNITY | 2014年 / 41卷 / 01期

关键词：

NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATION; MOUSE MACROPHAGES; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIFFERENTIATION; INFLAMMATION; PLASTICITY; DIVERSITY; MECHANISM;

D O I：

10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.008

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

071005 [微生物学]; 100108 [医学免疫学];

摘要：

Description of macrophage activation is currently contentious and confusing. Like the biblical Tower of Babel, macrophage activation encompasses a panoply of descriptors used in different ways. The lack of consensus on how to define macrophage activation in experiments in vitro and in vivo impedes progress in multiple ways, including the fact that many researchers still consider there to be only two types of activated macrophages, often termed M1 and M2. Here, we describe a set of standards encompassing three principles-the source of macrophages, definition of the activators, and a consensus collection of markers to describe macrophage activation-with the goal of unifying experimental standards for diverse experimental scenarios. Collectively, we propose a common framework for macrophage-activation nomenclature.

引用

页码：14 / 20

页数：7

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