Gomisin A induces Ca2+-dependent activation of eNOS in human coronary artery endothelial cells

Aim of the study: Gomisin A (CA) is a small molecular weight lignan contained in Fructus Schisandrae, the dried seed of Schisandra chinensis which is widely used as a tonic in traditional Korean medicine. We previously demonstrated that CA induces endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation in rat thoracic aorta, however the signaling pathways involved was not clarified. In this study, we examined whether CA could actually induce nitric oxide (NO) production and clarified the mechanism in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC). Results: Treatment of HCAEC with CA induced NO production in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in association with an enhanced endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity with an increased cytosolic translocation of eNOS. Both CA-induced NO production and eNOS activation were attenuated by pretreatment of the cells with EGTA, an extracellular Ca2+ chelator, and BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, but not by LY 294002, a PI3-kinase/Akt inhibitor, suggesting involvement of Ca2+. Furthermore, CA rapidly increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which was abolished in Ca2+ free media. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that CA induces Ca2+-dependent activation and translocation of eNOS in HCAEC, events linked to NO production and thereby endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.