Microglia and inflammation: Impact on developmental brain injuries

被引:107
作者
Chew, Li Jin [1 ]
Takanohashi, Asako [1 ]
Bell, Michael [1 ]
机构
[1] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Res Neurosci, Washington, DC 20010 USA
来源
MENTAL RETARDATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS | 2006年 / 12卷 / 02期
关键词
microglia; activation; phagocytosis; cytokines; chemokines;
D O I
10.1002/mrdd.20102
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Inflammation during the perinatal period has become a recognized risk factor for developmental brain injuries over the past decade or more. To fully understand the relationship between inflammation and brain development, a comprehensive knowledge about the immune system within the brain is essential. Microglia are resident immune cells within the central nervous system and play a critical role in the development of an inflammatory response within the brain. Microglia are critically involved with both the innate and adaptive immune system, regulating inflammation and cell damage within the brain via activation of Toll-like receptors, production of cytokines, and a myriad of other intracellular and intercellular processes. In this article, microglial physiology is reviewed along with the role of microglia in developmental brain injuries in humans and animal models. Last, microglial functions within the innate and adaptive immune system will be summarized. Understanding the processes of inflammation and microglial activation is critical for formulating effective preventative and therapeutic strategies for developmental brain injuries. (C) 2006 whey-Liss, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:105 / 112
页数:8
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