GATE:: a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT

被引:1751
作者
Jan, S
Santin, G
Strul, D
Staelens, S
Assié, K
Autret, D
Avner, S
Barbier, R
Bardiès, M
Bloomfield, PM
Brasse, D
Breton, V
Bruyndonckx, P
Buvat, I
Chatziioannou, AF
Choi, Y
Chung, YH
Comtat, C
Donnarieix, D
Ferrer, L
Glick, SJ
Groiselle, CJ
Guez, D
Honore, PF
Kerhoas-Cavata, S
Kirov, AS
Kohli, V
Koole, M
Krieguer, M
van der Laan, DJ
Lamare, F
Largeron, G
Lartizien, C
Lazaro, D
Maas, MC
Maigne, L
Mayet, F
Melot, F
Merheb, C
Pennacchio, E
Perez, J
Pietrzyk, U
Rannou, FR
Rey, M
Schaart, DR
Schmidtlein, CR
Simon, L
Song, TY
Vieira, JM
Visvikis, D
机构
[1] CEA, SHFJ, F-91401 Orsay, France
[2] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, LPHE, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
[3] Univ Ghent, ELIS, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
[4] CHU Pitie Salpetriere, INSERM, U494, F-75634 Paris, France
[5] CHU Nantes, INSERM U601, F-44093 Nantes, France
[6] CNRS, IN2P3, Inst Rech Subatom, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
[7] Univ Louis Pasteur Strasbourg 1, F-67037 Strasbourg, France
[8] CNRS, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
[9] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
[10] Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, PET Grp, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
[11] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France
[12] Free Univ Brussels, Interuniv Inst High Energies, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
[13] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Crump Inst Mol Imaging, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[14] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Samsung Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Seoul 135710, South Korea
[15] Ctr Jean Perrin, Dept Curietherapie Radiotherapie, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France
[16] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Div Nucl Med, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
[17] CEA Saclay, DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[18] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Phys Med, New York, NY 10021 USA
[19] Delft Univ Technol, IRI, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands
[20] LATIM, INSERM, U650, F-29609 Brest, France
[21] Univ Lyon 1, ANIMAGE CERMEP, F-69003 Lyon, France
[22] Univ Grenoble 1, IN2P3, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 St Martin Dheres, France
[23] Forschungszentrum Juelich, Inst Med, D-52425 Julich, Germany
[24] Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Ingn Informat, Santiago, Chile
[25] Dept Ind Wetenschappen & Technol Hogesch Limburg, Nucl Technol Centrum, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
关键词
D O I
10.1088/0031-9155/49/19/007
中图分类号
R318 [生物医学工程];
学科分类号
0831 ;
摘要
Monte Carlo simulation is an essential tool in emission tomography that can assist in the design of new medical imaging devices, the optimization of acquisition protocols and the development or assessment of image reconstruction algorithms and correction techniques. GATE, the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission, encapsulates the Geant4 libraries to achieve a modular, versatile, scripted simulation toolkit adapted to the field of nuclear medicine. In particular, GATE allows the description of time-dependent phenomena such as source or detector movement, and source decay kinetics. This feature makes it possible to simulate time curves under realistic acquisition conditions and to test dynamic reconstruction algorithms. This paper gives a detailed description of the design and development of GATE by the OpenGATE collaboration, whose continuing objective is to improve, document and validate GATE by simulating commercially available imaging systems for PET and SPECT. Large effort is also invested in the ability and the flexibility to model novel detection systems or systems still under design. A public release of GATE licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License can be downloaded at http:/www-lphe.epfl.ch/GATE/. Two benchmarks developed for PET and SPECT to test the installation of GATE and to serve as a tutorial for the users are presented. Extensive validation of the GATE simulation platform has been started, comparing simulations and measurements on commercially available acquisition systems. References to those results are listed. The future prospects towards the gridification of GATE and its extension to other domains such as dosimetry are also discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:4543 / 4561
页数:19
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