Preparation of Sb/SnO2 particles and their films utilizing the dip-coating method

The Sb/SnO2 particles have been prepared by semibatch hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3. The antimony content, crystallinity, and electrical volume resistivity of the particles were affected by the conditions of reaction and heat treatment. Hydrosol was prepared by peptizing the particles in ammoniacal solution. The average size of the primary particles in the sol was 0.1-0.2 mu m due to aggregation of the elementary particles (average diameter of about 0.007 mu m). The thin film dip-coated with the sol had high-transparency (the transmittances above 75% and hazes below 13%) and very low electrical surface resistivities (10(3) similar to 10(5) Ohm/sq). The minimum number of chemical species was used in our preparation of both the particles and hydrosols.