Quantum computers

被引：2781

作者：

Ladd, T. D. ^{[3
]}

Jelezko, F. ^{[4
]}

Laflamme, R. ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Nakamura, Y. ^{[8
,9
]}

Monroe, C. ^{[10
,11
]}

O'Brien, J. L. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bristol, Ctr Quantum Photon, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1UB, Avon, England

[2] Univ Bristol, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Bristol BS8 1UB, Avon, England

[3] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[4] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Phys 3, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany

[5] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[6] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[7] Perimeter Inst, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada

[8] NEC Corp Ltd, Nano Elect Res Labs, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058501, Japan

[9] RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan

[10] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[11] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

来源：

NATURE | 2010年 / 464卷 / 7285期

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

SINGLE-PHOTON; FACTORING ALGORITHM; RYDBERG BLOCKADE; SPIN QUBITS; DYNAMICS; ENTANGLEMENT; MANIPULATION; INFORMATION; COMPUTATION; INTERFACE;

D O I：

10.1038/nature08812

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Over the past several decades, quantum information science has emerged to seek answers to the question: can we gain some advantage by storing, transmitting and processing information encoded in systems that exhibit unique quantum properties? Today it is understood that the answer is yes, and many research groups around the world are working towards the highly ambitious technological goal of building a quantum computer, which would dramatically improve computational power for particular tasks. A number of physical systems, spanning much of modern physics, are being developed for quantum computation. However, it remains unclear which technology, if any, will ultimately prove successful. Here we describe the latest developments for each of the leading approaches and explain the major challenges for the future.

引用

页码：45 / 53

页数：9

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