Competitive Absorption and Inefficient Exciton Harvesting: Lessons Learned from Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics Utilizing the Polymer Acceptor P(NDI2OD-T2)

被引:143
作者
Li, Zhi [1 ]
Lin, Jason D. A. [1 ]
Hung Phan [1 ]
Sharenko, Alexander [2 ]
Proctor, Christopher M. [2 ]
Zalar, Peter [1 ]
Chen, Zhihua [3 ]
Facchetti, Antonio [3 ,4 ]
Thuc-Quyen Nguyen [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Polymer & Organ Solids, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[3] Polyera Corp, Skokie, IL 60077 USA
[4] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA
[5] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
non-fullerene acceptors; solar cells; bulk heterojunctions; organic photovoltaics; exciton diffusion length; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; MOLECULE SOLAR-CELLS; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; LIGHT-INTENSITY DEPENDENCE; PERYLENE BISIMIDE; DIFFUSION LENGTH; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; ELECTRON-ACCEPTOR; PERFORMANCE; RECOMBINATION;
D O I
10.1002/adfm.201401367
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Organic solar cells utilizing the small molecule donor 7,7-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-silolo[3,2-b:4,5-b]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(6-fluoro-4-(5-hexyl-[2,2-bithiophen]-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5] thiadiazole) (p-DTS(FBTTh2)(2) and the polymer acceptor poly{[N,N-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenedicarboximide-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5-(2,2-bithiophene)}(P(NDI2OD-T2)) are investigated and a power conversion efficiency of 2.1% is achieved. By systematic study of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaic (OPV) quantum efficiency, film morphology, charge transport and extraction and exciton diffusion, the loss processes in this blend is revealed compared to the blend of [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) and the same donor. An exciton diffussion study using Forster resonant energy transfer (FRET) shows the upper limit of the P(NDI2OD-T2) exciton diffusion length to be only 1.1 nm. The extremely low exciton diffusion length of P(NDI2OD-T2), in combination with the overlap in donor and acceptor absorption, is then found to significantly limit device performance. These results suggest that BHJ OPV devices utilizing P(NDI2OD-T2) as an acceptor material will likely be limited by its low exciton diffusion length compared to devices utilizing functionalized fullerene acceptors, especially when P(NDI2OD-T2) significantly competes with the donor molecule for photon absorption.
引用
收藏
页码:6989 / 6998
页数:10
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