Comparison of free and glycosidically linked volatile components from polyembryonic and monoembryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars

Free and glycosidically linked volatile components of four mango cultivars of polyembryonic (M'Bingue and Tete de Chat) and monoembryonic (Amelie and Palmer) seed origins were examined. Eighty-five free volatile components were identified in the four cultivars, of which 33 are newly described as mango volatile compounds. Terpene hydrocarbons (104, 139, 26, and 35 mg/kg of fresh pulp, respectively) were the major volatiles of all four cultivars (>90% of the total volatiles), the dominant terpenes being (Z,E)-ocimenes (70%) in Amelie and car-3-ene (80%) in the other cultivars. Free oxygenated volatiles, mainly represented by monoterpenoids, and C-13 norisoprenoids were present in all cultivars, the African Tete de Chat cultivar being by far the richest (12.3 mg/kg). Of the 29 aglycons characterized, 12 were identified for the first time as mango bound volatiles. Again, the Tete de Chat cultivar was the richest (2.1 mg/kg) with monoterpenoids and C-13 norisoprenoids as the main glycosidically linked volatile compounds.