Diabetic retinopathy is a common and specific microvascular complication of diabetes, and remains the leading cause of preventable blindness in working-aged people. It is identified in a third of people with diabetes and associated with increased risk of life-threatening systemic vascular complications, including stroke, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. Optimum control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and possibly blood lipids remains the foundation for reduction of risk of retinopathy development and progression. Timely laser therapy is effective for preservation of sight in proliferative retinopathy and macular oedema, but its ability to reverse visual loss is poor. Vitrectomy surgery might occasionally be needed for advanced retinopathy. New therapies, such as intraocular injection of steroids and antivascular endothelial growth-factor agents, are less destructive to the retina than are older therapies, and could be useful in patients who respond poorly to conventional therapy. The outlook for future treatment modalities, such as inhibition of other angiogenic factors, regenerative therapy, and topical therapy, is promising.
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Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Cheung, Ning
;
Wang, Jie J.
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Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Univ Sydney, Ctr Vis Res, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Wang, Jie J.
;
Rogers, Sophie L.
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Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Rogers, Sophie L.
;
Brancati, Frederick
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Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Brancati, Frederick
;
Klein, Ronald
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Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Klein, Ronald
;
Sharrett, A. Richey
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Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Sharrett, A. Richey
;
Wong, Tien Y.
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Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore 117595, SingaporeUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Cheung, Ning
;
Wong, Tien Y.
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机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore 117595, SingaporeUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Cheung, Ning
;
Wang, Jie J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Univ Sydney, Ctr Vis Res, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Wang, Jie J.
;
Rogers, Sophie L.
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机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Rogers, Sophie L.
;
Brancati, Frederick
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h-index: 0
机构:
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Brancati, Frederick
;
Klein, Ronald
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Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Klein, Ronald
;
Sharrett, A. Richey
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h-index: 0
机构:
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USAUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Sharrett, A. Richey
;
Wong, Tien Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore 117595, SingaporeUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic 3002, AustraliaUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Cheung, Ning
;
Wong, Tien Y.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hosp, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia
Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore 117595, SingaporeUniv Melbourne, Ctr Eye Res Australia, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia