PH imaging

被引:292
作者
Gillies, RJ
Raghunand, N
Garcia-Martin, ML
Gatenby, RA
机构
[1] Univ Arizona, Arizona Canc Ctr, Dept Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
[2] Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mol Imaging Program, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
来源
IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE | 2004年 / 23卷 / 05期
关键词
D O I
10.1109/MEMB.2004.1360409
中图分类号
R318 [生物医学工程];
学科分类号
0831 ;
摘要
Acid-base balance is altered in a variety of common pathologies, including COPD, ischemia, renal failure, and cancer. Because of robust cellular pH homeostatic mechanisms, most of the pathological alterations in pH are expressed as changes in the extracellular, systemic pH. There are data to indicate that altered pH is not simply an epiphenomenon of metabolic or physiologic imbalance but that chronic pH alterations can have important sequelae. MRSI and MRI measurements indicate that pH gradients of up to 1.0 pH unit can exit within 1-cm distance. Although measurement of blood pH can indicate systemic problems, it cannot pinpoint the lesion or quantitatively assess the magnitude of excursion from normal pHe. Hence, there is a need to develop pHe measurement methods with high spatiotemporal resolution. The two major approaches being investigated include magnetization transfer methods and relaxation methods. pH-dependent MT effects can observed with endogenous signals or exogenously applied CEST agents. While endogenous signals have the advantage of being fully noninvasive and relatively straightforward to apply, they lack a full biophysical characterization and dynamic range that might be afforded by future CEST agents, pH-dependent relaxivity also requires the injection or infusion of exogenous contrast reagents. In both MT and relaxographic approaches, the magnitude of the effect, and, thus, the ability to quantify pHe, depends on a spatially and temporally varying concentration of the CR. A number of approaches have been proposed to solve this problem and, once it is solved, pH imaging methods will be applicable to human clinical pathologies.
引用
收藏
页码:57 / 64
页数:8
相关论文
共 76 条
  • [11] Caviston TL, 1999, SEMIN NEPHROL, V19, P431
  • [12] Cui W., 2003, P INT SOC MAGN RES M, V11, P623
  • [13] REGULATION OF INTRACELLULAR PH BY HUMAN PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AS MEASURED BY F-19 NMR
    DEUTSCH, C
    TAYLOR, JS
    WILSON, DF
    [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1982, 79 (24): : 7944 - 7948
  • [14] PH HOMEOSTASIS IN HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES - MODULATION BY IONS AND MITOGEN
    DEUTSCH, C
    TAYLOR, JS
    PRICE, M
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY, 1984, 98 (03) : 885 - 893
  • [15] Polarized expression of different monocarboxylate transporters in rat medullary thick limbs of henle
    Eladari, D
    Chambrey, R
    Irinopoulou, T
    Leviel, F
    Pezy, F
    Bruneval, P
    Paillard, M
    Podevin, RA
    [J]. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 1999, 274 (40) : 28420 - 28426
  • [16] Water channel (aquaporin 1) expression and distribution in mammary carcinomas and glioblastomas
    Endo, M
    Jain, RK
    Witwer, B
    Brown, D
    [J]. MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH, 1999, 58 (02) : 89 - 98
  • [17] STUDY OF MODERATELY RAPID CHEMICAL EXCHANGE REACTIONS BY MEANS OF NUCLEAR MAGNETIC DOUBLE RESONANCE
    FORSEN, S
    HOFFMAN, RA
    [J]. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, 1963, 39 (11) : 2892 - &
  • [18] García-Martín ML, 2001, CANCER RES, V61, P6524
  • [19] IMIDAZOL-1-YLALKANOATE ESTERS AND THEIR CORRESPONDING ACIDS - A NOVEL SERIES OF EXTRINSIC H-1-NMR PROBES FOR INTRACELLULAR PH
    GIL, MS
    CRUZ, F
    CERDAN, S
    BALLESTEROS, P
    [J]. BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, 1992, 2 (12) : 1717 - 1722
  • [20] Gil S, 1994, Bioorg Med Chem, V2, P305, DOI 10.1016/S0968-0896(00)82186-0