The influence of the composition on the thermal and acid characteristics of multi-component oxide pillared montmorillonite

Pillared clays were prepared by intercalation in a Wyoming montmorillonite with a partially hydrolyzed aluminum chloride solution containing Ce+3 ions as second, and Co+2, or Ni+2, or Zn+2, or Mg+2 ions as third component. These multicomponent pillared materials were investigated by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen (77 K) and ammonia (323 K) adsorption, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and acidity measurement in order to determine both thermal stability and acidity. The catalyst obtained from a pillaring mixture of three cations (AlCeMg-PILC) showed the most interesting characteristics. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.