Optimal matrix rigidity for stress-fibre polarization in stem cells

被引:303
作者
Zemel, A. [1 ,2 ]
Rehfeldt, F. [3 ,4 ]
Brown, A. E. X. [3 ]
Discher, D. E. [5 ]
Safran, S. A. [6 ]
机构
[1] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Med Ctr, Inst Dent Sci, Fac Med Dent, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel
[2] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Med Ctr, Fritz Haber Ctr Mol Dynam, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel
[3] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[4] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 3, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[5] Univ Penn, Grad Grp Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[6] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mat & Interfaces, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 以色列科学基金会;
关键词
CYTOSKELETAL ORGANIZATION; TRACTION FORCES; FOCAL ADHESIONS; MECHANOSENSORS; GROWTH;
D O I
10.1038/NPHYS1613
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
The shape and differentiated state of many cell types are highly sensitive to the rigidity of the microenvironment. The physical mechanisms involved, however, are unknown. Here, we present a theoretical model and experiments demonstrating that the alignment of stress fibres within stem cells is a non-monotonic function of matrix rigidity. We treat the cell as an active elastic inclusion in a surrounding matrix, allowing the actomyosin forces to polarize in response to elastic stresses developed in the cell. The theory correctly predicts the monotonic increase of the cellular forces with the matrix rigidity and the alignment of stress fibres parallel to the long axis of cells. We show that the anisotropy of this alignment depends non-monotonically on matrix rigidity and demonstrate it experimentally by quantifying the orientational distribution of stress fibres in stem cells. These findings offer physical insight into the sensitivity of stem-cell differentiation to tissue elasticity and, more generally, introduce a cell-type-specific parameter for actomyosin polarizability.
引用
收藏
页码:468 / 473
页数:6
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