ALTERATIONS IN FATTY-ACID COMPOSITION AND TREHALOSE CONCENTRATION OF SACCHAROMYCES BREWING STRAINS IN RESPONSE TO HEAT AND ETHANOL SHOCK

The effects of heat and ethanol shock on fatty acid composition and intracellular trehalose concentration of lager and ale brewing yeasts were examined. Exposure of cells to heat shock at 37-degrees-C or 10% (v/v) ethanol for 60 min resulted in a significant increase in the ratio of the total unsaturated to saturated fatty acyl residues and the intracellular trehalose concentration of cells. A similar increase in the amount of unsaturated fatty acids was observed in cells after 24 h of fermentation of 16-degrees-P (degree Plato) or 25-degrees-P wort, at which time more than 2% (v/v) ethanol was present in the growth medium. These results suggest that unsaturated fatty acids and high concentrations of intracellular trehalose may protect the cells from the inhibitory effects of heat and ethanol shock.