腰椎撑开式椎间融合器在治疗腰椎滑脱症中的临床应用研究

被引:0
作者
方晓辉
机构
[1] 苏州大学
关键词
腰椎; 椎间融合器; 腰椎滑脱症; 脊柱融合术;
D O I
暂无
年度学位
2012
学位类型
硕士
导师
摘要
目的通过对采用撑开式椎间融合器治疗的腰椎滑脱症的患者进行随访研究,评估其影像学结果及临床治疗效果,研究撑开式椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症的方法和短期疗效。 方法从2010年8月至2011年8月采用撑开式椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱患者13例,其中6例合并腰椎管狭窄症,男5例,女8例,年龄31~70岁,平均54.6岁。术前根据Newman分型,峡部崩裂性滑脱6例,退行性滑脱7例;根据Meyerding分度:I度7例,Ⅱ度4例,Ⅲ度2例。共融合腰椎节段13个,其中L4/L5节段7例,L5/S1节段6例,应用撑开式椎间融合器18枚,8个椎间隙采用单枚椎间融合器,5个椎间隙采用2枚椎间融合器。所有患者均为首次腰椎手术,术前评估包括病史、查体、X线、CT和MRI检查。所有患者均行腰椎后路减压、融合、内固定术,术中记录手术时间和失血量;术后一周及随访期间(术后前三月每月一次、之后每三个月一次)摄X线片,术后每半年复查CT,观察滑脱率、椎间隙高度指数的矫正情况,滑脱复位率的维持情况,同时采用ODI评分和JOA评分标准对患者术前、术后及随访期间的腰椎进行功能评分,观察撑开式椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。 结果13例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间为100~260min,平均181.5min;术中失血量400~1500ml,平均1046.2ml;其中有11例患者采用自体血回输。所有患者术后均无神经根损伤,无硬脊膜撕裂,无脑脊液漏,无切口感染。13例患者均获得有效随访,随访时间为6~18个月,平均11.0个月。ODI评分术前为35~41分,平均(37.23±1.92)分,到末次随访时改善为12~17分,平均(14.23±1.54)分;JOA评分术前为9~13分,平均(10.92±1.38)分,到末次随访时改善为21~24分,平均(23.00±1.00)分;末次随访时JOA改善率为60.00~73.68%,平均(66.86±4.40)%;滑脱率术前为18.87~56.14%,平均(31.76±13.72)%,到末次随访时改善为9.88~15.05%,平均(12.04±1.76)%;椎间隙高度指数术前为0.141~0.278,平均(0.198±0.035),到末次随访时改善为0.276~0.439,平均(0.367±0.040);滑脱复位率到末次随访时为45.79~73.45%,平均(57.95±10.81)%;根据改良的Macnab分级标准:优:9例,良:3例,可:1例,优良率为92.31%。随访期间未发生椎间融合器下沉或移位、椎间隙塌陷及椎间隙高度明显丢失等情况。 结论应用撑开式椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱症,可有效恢复椎间隙高度及腰椎生理曲度,重建腰椎正常生物力学性能,患者临床症状能显著改善,短期临床疗效满意。
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