骨质疏松患者单髁置换过程中股骨假体置入位置优化的有限元分析

被引:3
作者
刘蒙飞
陈刚
史易晗
曾林
姜侃
依力哈木江·吾斯曼
机构
[1] 新疆医科大学第六附属医院
关键词
膝; 单髁置换; 骨质疏松; 股骨组件; 生物力学; 有限元分析;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R687.4 [关节手术];
学科分类号
100220 [骨科学];
摘要
背景:骨质疏松患者行单髁置换过程中,股骨假体的合理置入范围尚未见研究,既往的相关研究常建立在正常骨质的单髁置换模型上,而对于非正常骨质模型的力学研究较少。单髁置换后的并发症已经被证实与骨质疏松高度相关。目的:采用有限元法分析Sled固定平台股骨假体冠状倾斜度对骨质疏松患者单髁置换后生物力学的影响,并且寻找骨质疏松与单髁置换后中远期并发症的相关性。方法:基于数字化影像技术获取膝关节和假体的数据,再通过Mimics、Geomagic studio等专用软件建立一个正常骨质膝关节模型。基于已验证的正常骨质膝关节模型,通过改变材料参数创建骨质疏松膝关节模型。以Sled固定平台股骨假体标准位置(0°)为基准,正常骨质组与骨质疏松组分别依次建立股骨假体内、外翻3°,6°,9°,共计14个单髁置换模型,计算并分析所有单髁置换模型中聚乙烯衬垫表面、胫骨假体下松质骨和皮质骨的应力变化。结果与结论:(1)在骨质疏松模型中,聚乙烯衬垫表面和胫骨假体下松质骨的高应力值随股骨假体倾斜角度的增加而增加,胫骨假体下皮质骨表面的高应力值随假体外翻角度的增加而增加,随内翻角度的增加而减小;(2)对于聚乙烯衬垫表面以及胫骨假体下皮质骨表面,骨质疏松组各倾斜角度模型的高应力值均大于正常骨质组中对应的模型;对于胫骨假体下松质骨表面,骨质疏松组各倾斜角度模型的高应力值均小于正常骨质组中对应的模型;(3)骨质疏松可能会引起单髁置换术后膝关节内部结构的生物力学异常,增加术后假体无菌性松动和假体周围骨折的潜在风险;骨质疏松性膝关节行Sled固定平台内侧单髁置换时应尽可能避免股骨假体在冠状面上内翻/外翻。
引用
收藏
页码:464 / 470
页数:7
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