Purification and characterization of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides of small red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) hydrolysates

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity was investigated for small red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) protein hydrolysate produced by sequential digestion of Alcalase, papain followed by in vitro gastrointestinal simulation. The hydrolysate had ACE inhibitory activity with IC50 of 67.2 +/- 1.8 mu g protein/mL. Peptides responsible for potent ACE inhibitory activity were isolated by a three-step purification process, including ultrafiltration, gel filtration and preparative reverse phase high performance chromatography (RP-HPLC). The fraction obtained after RP-HPLC fractionation with the highest activity yielded an IC50 of 19.3 +/- 1.4 mu g protein/mL. Enzymatic kinetic studies using this fraction demonstrated competitive inhibition with K-i of 11.6 +/- 1.7 mu g protein/mL. Mass spectrometric characterization identified for the first time the octapeptide PVNNPQIH which demonstrated an IC50 value of 206.7 +/- 3.9 mu M. The results expand the knowledge base of ACE inhibitory properties of small red bean protein hydrolysate and should be useful in further identification of specific ACE inhibitory peptides in beans. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.