Hydroamination:: Direct addition of amines to alkenes and alkynes

A review on hydroamination is given which is the direct addition of amines to alkenes and alkynes. This includes the mechanistic aspects of hydroamination regarding its early and late transition metal catalysts. Then, a description on the use of heterogeneous catalysts, base and acid catalyzed hydroamination, and some stoichiometric reactions. For the purpose of this study, hydroamination will be defined as the addition of H-NR2 across a nonactivated alkene or alkyne which will provide a higher substituted amine or enamine. In addition, the following were also discussed. The hydroamination reactions which involves rare-earth metals, actinides and alkaline earth metals; group 4 /5 metal based catalysts; the late transition metal complexes as homogeneous hydroamination catalysts; the heterogeneous hydroamination catalysts and immobilized early and late transition metal complexes; Brønsted acid catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes and alkynes; base-catalyzed hydroamination of alkenes and alkynes; amino- and amidomercuration-demercuration of alkenes and alkynes; hydroamination of alkenes and alkynes under microwave irradiation; and radical hydroamination of alkenes.