Prediction as a Humanitarian and Pragmatic Contribution from Human Cognitive Neuroscience

被引：385

作者：

Gabrieli, John D. E. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Ghosh, Satrajit S. ^{[1
,4
]}

Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] MIT, Poitras Ctr Affect Disorders Res, McGovern Inst Brain Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[2] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[3] MIT, Inst Med Engn & Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Otol & Laryngol, Boston, MA 02115 USA

来源：

NEURON | 2015年 / 85卷 / 01期

关键词：

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; BEHAVIORAL GROUP-THERAPY; BRAIN ACTIVITY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; WORKING-MEMORY; ALCOHOL-USE; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; TREATMENT RESPONSE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PLACEBO ANALGESIA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.047

中图分类号：

Q189 [神经科学];

学科分类号：

071006 ;

摘要：

Neuroimaging has greatly enhanced the cognitive neuroscience understanding of the human brain and its variation across individuals (neurodiversity) in both health and disease. Such progress has not yet, however, propelled changes in educational or medical practices that improve people's lives. We review neuroimaging findings in which initial brain measures (neuromarkers) are correlated with or predict future education, learning, and performance in children and adults; criminality; health-related behaviors; and responses to pharmacological or behavioral treatments. Neuromarkers often provide better predictions (neuroprognosis), alone or in combination with other measures, than traditional behavioral measures. With further advances in study designs and analyses, neuromarkers may offer opportunities to personalize educational and clinical practices that lead to better outcomes for people.

引用

页码：11 / 26

页数：16

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