Model of autism: increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems

被引:1823
作者
Rubenstein, JLR
Merzenich, MM
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Nina Ireland Lab Dev Neurobiol, Ctr Neurobiol & Psychiat, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
[3] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Otolaryngol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
关键词
autism; genetics; model; neural excitation; neural inhibition; neural systems;
D O I
10.1034/j.1601-183X.2003.00037.x
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Autism is a severe neurobehavioral syndrome, arising largely as an inherited disorder, which can arise from several diseases. Despite recent advances in identifying some genes that can cause autism, its underlying neurological mechanisms are uncertain. Autism is best conceptualized by considering the neural systems that may be defective in autistic individuals. Recent advances in understanding neural systems that process sensory information, various types of memories and social and emotional behaviors are reviewed and compared with known abnormalities in autism. Then, specific genetic abnormalities that are linked with autism are examined. Synthesis of this information leads to a model that postulates that some forms of autism are caused by an increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in sensory, mnemonic, social and emotional systems. The model further postulates that the increased ratio of excitation/inhibition can be caused by combinatorial effects of genetic and environmental variables that impinge upon a given neural system. Furthermore, the model suggests potential therapeutic interventions.
引用
收藏
页码:255 / 267
页数:13
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