Salivary cortisol and prefrontal cortical thickness in middle-aged men: A twin study

被引:75
作者
Kremen, William S. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
O'Brien, Robert C. [1 ]
Panizzon, Matthew S. [1 ]
Prom-Wormley, Elizabeth [4 ,5 ]
Eaves, Lindon J. [4 ,5 ]
Eisen, Seth A. [6 ,7 ,8 ]
Eyler, Lisa T. [1 ,3 ]
Hauger, Richard L. [1 ,3 ]
Fennema-Notestine, Christine [1 ,9 ]
Fischl, Bruce [10 ,11 ]
Grant, Michael D. [12 ]
Hellhammer, Dirk H. [13 ]
Jak, Amy J. [1 ,3 ]
Jacobson, Kristen C. [14 ]
Jernigan, Terry L. [1 ]
Lupien, Sonia J. [15 ]
Lyons, Michael J. [12 ]
Mendoza, Sally P. [16 ]
Neale, Michael C. [4 ,5 ]
Seidman, Larry J. [17 ]
Thermenos, Heidi W. [17 ]
Tsuang, Ming T. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Dale, Anders M. [10 ,11 ,18 ]
Franz, Carol E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[2] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Behav Genom, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[3] VA San Diego Healthcare Syst, La Jolla, CA USA
[4] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychiat, Richmond, VA USA
[5] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Human Genet, Richmond, VA USA
[6] Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA
[7] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO USA
[8] Washington Univ, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO USA
[9] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[10] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[11] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA
[12] Boston Univ, Dept Psychol, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[13] Univ Trier, Dept Clin & Physiol Psychol, Trier, Germany
[14] Univ Chicago, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[15] Univ Montreal, Hop Louis H Lafontaine, Mental Hlth Res Ctr Fernand Seguin, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada
[16] Univ Calif Davis, Davis Primate Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[17] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[18] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Heritability; Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Hippocampus; HPA axis structure; Genetic correlation; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; SURFACE-BASED ANALYSIS; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; HIPPOCAMPAL ATROPHY; CINGULATE CORTEX; STRESS; BRAIN; MRI; HERITABILITY; RELIABILITY;
D O I
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.026
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Although glucocorticoid receptors are highly expressed in the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus remains the predominant focus in the literature examining relationships between cortisol and brain. We examined phenotypic and genetic associations of cortisol levels with the thickness of prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex regions, and with hippocampal volume in a sample of 388 middle-aged male twins who were 5159 years old. Small but significant negative phenotypic associations were found between cortisol levels and the thickness of left dorsolateral (superior frontal gyrus, left rostral middle frontal gyrus) and ventrolateral (pars opercularis, pars triangularis, pars orbitalis) prefrontal regions, and right dorsolateral (superior frontal gyrus) and medial orbital frontal cortex. Most of the associations remained significant after adjusting for general cognitive ability, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression. Bivariate genetic analyses suggested that some of the associations were primarily accounted for by shared genetic influences; that is, some of the genes that tend to result in increased cortisol levels also tend to result in reduced prefrontal cortical thickness. Aging has been associated with reduced efficiency of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function, frontal lobe shrinkage, and increases in health problems, but our present data do not allow us to determine the direction of effects. Moreover, the degree or the direction of the observed associations and the extent of their shared genetic underpinnings may well change as these individuals age. Longitudinal assessments are underway to elucidate the direction of the associations and the genetic underpinnings of longitudinal phenotypes for changes in cortisol and brain morphology. (c) 2010 Published by Elsevier Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:1093 / 1102
页数:10
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