Neutrophil extracellular trap formation as innate immune reactions against the apicomplexan parasite Eimeria bovis

被引:107
作者
Behrendt, Jan Hillern [1 ]
Ruiz, Antonio [2 ]
Zahner, Horst [1 ]
Taubert, Anja [1 ]
Hermosilla, Carlos [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Giessen, Inst Parasitol, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
[2] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Dept Anim Pathol, Parasitol Unit, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain
[3] Univ London Royal Vet Coll, Dept Pathol & Infect Dis, London, England
关键词
Innate immunity; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Protozoan parasite; PMN; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PATHOLOGICAL-CHANGES; MUS-MUSCULUS; INFECTIONS; CALVES; CYTOKINE; CELLS; LYMPHOCYTES; COCCIDIOSIS;
D O I
10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.06.012
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Eimeria bovis infections are under immunological control and recent studies have emphasized the role of early PMN-mediated innate immune responses in infected calves. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have recently been demonstrated to act as a killing mechanism of PMN against several pathogens. In the present study, the interactions of bovine PMN with sporozoites of E. bovis were investigated in this respect in vitro. For demonstration and quantification of NET formation, extracellular DNA was stained by Sytox Orange. Fluorescence images after Sytox Orange staining as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed NET formation to occur upon contact with E. bovis sporozoites. Exposure of PMN to viable sporozoites induced stronger NET formation than to dead or homogenized parasites. NET formation was abolished by treatment with DNase and could be reduced by diphenylene iodonium, which is described as a potent inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. After sporozoite and PMN co-culture, extracellular fibres were found attached to sporozoites and seemed to trap them, strongly suggesting that NETs immobilize E. bovis sporozoites and thereby prevent them from infecting host cells. Thus, transfer of sporozoites, previously being confronted with PMN, to adequate host cells resulted in clearly reduced infection rates when compared to PMN-free controls. NET formation by PMN may therefore represent an effector mechanism in early innate immune reactions against E. bovis. This is the first report indicating Eimeria-induced NET formation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
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页码:1 / 8
页数:8
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