Influence of feeding intensity, grazing and finishing feeding on meat and eating quality of young bulls and the relationship between muscle fibre characteristics, fibre fragmentation and meat tenderness

Forty-one autumn-born Friesian bull calves were allocated to two production systems (Extensive ='E' and Intensive = 'I'). In the E-system, animals were loose-housed and fed a roughage-based diet from October to May, followed by a grazing period from May to October. Ten animals were slaughtered directly from pasture in October [360 kg body weight (BW)I and 11 after a 10-week finishing period in tie-stalls (460 kg). The E-bulls were compared with intensively-fed tie-stall-housed young bulls (I) slaughtered at comparable weights (360 kg, n = 11 and 460 kg, n = 9). The myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) was measured 24 h post mortem in semitendinosus (ST), longissimus dorsi (LD), and supraspinatus (SU) muscles, and meat quality characteristics and sensory evaluation of LD were performed on aged meat. Intramuscular fat content was lower (P < 0.001) in all three muscles of E- compared with I-bulls. MFI of ST and LD was lower in E-bulls compared with I-bulls, but only at 360 kg. In contrast, MFI of SU was higher in E-compared with I-bulls at 360 kg. In E- compared with I-bulls, shear force value of ST was higher (P<0.003) at 360 kg, but not at 460 kg. Panel scores for tenderness, taste and juiciness were all lower (P<0.006 to 0.001) and remarks for off-flavour higher in E-compared with I-bulls, the effects being most pronounced at 360 kg. A 10-week finishing period improved all meat and eating quality characteristics of E-bulls. In LD: the correlation between MFI and tenderness was 0.79 (P<0.001), which indicates a potential of MFI as an early predictor of tenderness. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.