Molecular mechanisms of hypertension: role of Nox family NADPH oxidases

被引:139
作者
Sedeek, Mona [1 ]
Hebert, Richard L. [1 ]
Kennedy, Chris R. [1 ]
Burns, Kevin D. [1 ]
Touyz, Rhian M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Ottawa, Kidney Res Ctr, Ottawa Hlth Res Inst, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
关键词
blood pressure; free radicals; NADPH oxidase; Nox; oxidative stress; vascular remodeling; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; NAD(P)H OXIDASE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE;
D O I
10.1097/MNH.0b013e32832923c3
中图分类号
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学(泌尿生殖系疾病)];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Purpose of review Molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathoetiology of hypertension are complex, involving many interacting systems such as signaling through G protein-coupled receptors, the renin-angiotensin system, vascular inflammation and remodeling, vascular senescence and aging and developmental programming, as highlighted in the current issue of the journal. Common to these systems is NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). This editorial highlights current concepts relating to the production of ROS in hypertension and focuses on the Nox family NADPH oxidases, major sources of free radicals in the cardiovascular and renal systems. Recent findings ROS play a major role as intracellular signaling molecules to regulate normal biological cellular responses. In pathological conditions, loss of redox homeostasis contributes to vascular oxidative damage. Recent evidence indicates that specific enzymes, the Nox family of NADPH oxidases, have the sole function of generating ROS in a highly 14 regulated fashion in physiological conditions, and that in disease states, hyperactivation of Noxes contributes to oxidative stress and consequent cardiovascular and renal injury. The Nox family comprises seven members, Nox1-Nox7, Nox1, Nox2 (gp91 phox-containing NADPH oxidase), Nox4 and Nox5 have been identified in the cardiovascular-renal systems and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and renal disease. Summary Noxes, which are differentially regulated in hypertension, are major sources of cardiovascular and renal oxidative stress. This has evoked considerable interest A because of the possibilities that therapies targeted against specific Nox isoforms to decrease ROS generation or to increase nitric oxide availability or both may be useful in minimizing vascular injury and renal dysfunction, and thereby prevent or regress target A organ damage associated with hypertension.
引用
收藏
页码:122 / 127
页数:6
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