Planck 2013 results. II. Low Frequency Instrument data processing

被引:60
作者
Aghanim, N. [61 ]
Armitage-Caplan, C. [92 ]
Arnaud, M. [75 ]
Ashdown, M. [6 ,72 ]
Atrio-Barandela, F. [18 ]
Aumont, J. [61 ]
Baccigalupi, C. [87 ]
Banday, A. J. [9 ,95 ]
Barreiro, R. B. [68 ]
Battaner, E. [97 ,98 ]
Benabed, K. [62 ,94 ]
Benoit, A. [59 ]
Benoit-Levy, A. [26 ,62 ,94 ]
Bernard, J. -P. [9 ,95 ]
Bersanelli, M. [36 ,50 ]
Bielewicz, P. [9 ,87 ,95 ]
Bobin, J. [75 ]
Bock, J. J. [10 ,70 ]
Bonaldi, A. [71 ]
Bonavera, L. [68 ]
Bond, J. R. [7 ]
Borrill, J. [13 ]
Bouchet, F. R. [62 ,94 ]
Bridges, M. [6 ,65 ,72 ]
Bucher, M. [1 ]
Burigana, C. [34 ]
Butler, R. C.
Cappellini, B. [50 ]
Cardoso, J. -F. [1 ,62 ,76 ,77 ]
Catalano, A. [74 ,78 ]
Chamballu, A. [15 ,61 ,75 ]
Chen, X. [58 ]
Chiang, L. -Y [64 ]
Christensen, P. R. [39 ,84 ]
Church, S. [91 ]
Colombi, S. [25 ,62 ,94 ]
Colombo, L. P. L. [70 ]
Crill, B. P. [70 ,85 ]
Cruz, M. [20 ]
Curto, A. [6 ,68 ]
Cattaia, F.
Danese, L. [87 ]
Davies, R. D. [71 ]
Davis, R. J. [71 ]
de Bernardis, P. [35 ]
de Rosa, A.
de Zotti, G. [46 ,87 ]
Delabrouille, J. [1 ]
Dickinson, C. [71 ]
Diego, J. M. [68 ]
机构
[1] Univ Paris Diderot, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, CNRS IN2P3,CEA lrfu,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France
[2] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Kylmala 02540, Finland
[3] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7945 Cape Town, South Africa
[4] Aeenzia Spaziale Italiana, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[5] Agenzia Spaziale Ilaliana, Rome, Italy
[6] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England
[7] Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada
[8] CNR, ISTI, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
[9] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France
[10] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[11] Univ Cambridge, Ctr Theoret Cosmol, DAMTP, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England
[12] Ctr Estudios Fis Cosmos Aragon, Teruel 44001, Spain
[13] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[14] CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
[15] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[16] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
[17] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
[18] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
[19] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain
[20] Univ Cantabria, Dept Matemat Estadist & Computac, E-39005 Santander, Spain
[21] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada
[22] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands
[23] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[24] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
[25] Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Dana & David Domsife Coll Letter Arts & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
[26] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England
[27] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA
[28] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[29] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[30] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[31] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
[32] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA
[33] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[34] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy
[35] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[36] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[37] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
[38] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartmento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[39] Niels Bohr Inst, Discovery Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[40] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, Tenerife, Spain
[41] Etuopean Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Madrid 28692, Spain
[42] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands
[43] Haverford Coll, Dept Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA
[44] Aalto Univ, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[45] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, I-95123 Catania, Italy
[46] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy
[47] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
[48] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
[49] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[50] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
关键词
cosmic background radiation; methods: data analysis; cosmology: observations; surveys; MAP-MAKING ALGORITHM; PRE-LAUNCH STATUS; NOISE;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201321550
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We describe the data processing pipeline of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) data processing centre (DPC) to create and characterize full-sky maps based on the first 15.5 months of operations at 30, 44, and 70 GHz. In particular, we discuss the various steps involved in reducing the data, from telemetry packets through to the production of cleaned, calibrated timelines and calibrated frequency maps. Data are continuously calibrated using the modulation induced on the mean temperature of the cosmic microwave background radiation by the proper motion of the spacecraft. Sky signals other than the dipole are removed by an iterative procedure based on simultaneous fitting of calibration parameters and sky maps. Noise properties are estimated from time-ordered data after the sky signal has been removed, using a generalized least squares map-making algorithm. A destriping code (Madam) is employed to combine radiometric data and pointing information into sky maps, minimizing the variance of correlated noise. Noise covariance matrices, required to compute statistical uncertainties on LFI and Planck products, are also produced. Main beams are estimated down to the approximate to-20 dB level using Jupiter transits, which are also used for the geometrical calibration of the focal plane.
引用
收藏
页数:25
相关论文
共 54 条
  • [1] Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission
    Abergel, A.
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Alves, M. I. R.
    Aniano, G.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clemens, M.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Combet, C.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [2] Planck 2013 results. XXIII. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Bartolo, N.
    Battaner, E.
    Battye, R.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bonavera, L.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Cruz, M.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [3] Planck 2013 results. XXXI. Consistency of the Planck data
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Burigana, C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Christensen, P. R.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    Davis, R. J.
    de Bernardis, P.
    de Rosa, A.
    de Zotti, G.
    Delabrouille, J.
    Desert, F. -X.
    Dickinson, C.
    Diego, J. M.
    Dole, H.
    Donzelli, S.
    Dore, O.
    Douspis, M.
    Dupac, X.
    Ensslin, T. A.
    Eriksen, H. K.
    Finelli, F.
    Forni, O.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [4] Planck 2013 results. XII. Diffuse component separation
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bonavera, L.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Castex, G.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chen, X.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Cruz, M.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [5] Planck 2013 results. X. HFI energetic particle effects: characterization, removal, and simulation
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y.
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    de Bernardis, P.
    de Rosa, A.
    de Zotti, G.
    Delabrouille, J.
    Delouis, J. -M.
    Desert, F. -X.
    Diego, J. M.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [6] Planck 2013 results. VI. High Frequency Instrument data processing
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bowyer, J. W.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chen, X.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Combet, C.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    Davis, R. J.
    de Bernardis, P.
    de Rose, A.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [7] Planck 2013 results. XIV. Zodiacal emission
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chen, X.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colley, J. -M.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    de Bernardis, P.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [8] Planck 2013 results. XXVI. Background geometry and topology of the Universe
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bonavera, L.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y.
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    Davis, R. J.
    de Bernardis, P.
    de Rosa, A.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [9] Planck 2013 results. XIII. Galactic CO emission
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Alves, M. I. R.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardos, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chary, R. -R.
    Chen, X.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y.
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Combet, C.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571
  • [10] Planck 2013 results. XVIII. The gravitational lensing-infrared background correlation
    Ade, P. A. R.
    Aghanim, N.
    Armitage-Caplan, C.
    Arnaud, M.
    Ashdown, M.
    Atrio-Barandela, F.
    Aumont, J.
    Baccigalupi, C.
    Banday, A. J.
    Barreiro, R. B.
    Bartlett, J. G.
    Basak, S.
    Battaner, E.
    Benabed, K.
    Benoit, A.
    Benoit-Levy, A.
    Bernard, J. -P.
    Bersanelli, M.
    Bethermin, M.
    Bielewicz, P.
    Bobin, J.
    Bock, J. J.
    Bonaldi, A.
    Bond, J. R.
    Borrill, J.
    Bouchet, F. R.
    Boulanger, F.
    Bridges, M.
    Bucher, M.
    Burigana, C.
    Butler, R. C.
    Cardoso, J. -F.
    Catalano, A.
    Challinor, A.
    Chamballu, A.
    Chiang, H. C.
    Chiang, L. -Y
    Christensen, P. R.
    Church, S.
    Clements, D. L.
    Colombi, S.
    Colombo, L. P. L.
    Couchot, F.
    Coulais, A.
    Crill, B. P.
    Curto, A.
    Cuttaia, F.
    Danese, L.
    Davies, R. D.
    de Bernardis, P.
    [J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2014, 571