APPLICATIONS OF FOCUSED ION-BEAMS IN MICROELECTRONICS PRODUCTION, DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

Focused ion beam (FIB) systems using gallium liquid metal ion sources can remove material with a lateral resolution below 50 nm and can produce metal deposition at a similar resolution with ion beam-enhanced chemical vapour deposition, These capabilities have resulted in many valuable applications for the microelectronics industry, Circuit modifications are possible because existing connections can be severed and reconnected to different locatioos, Testing of circuitry can be enhanced by isolation of specific circuits, removal of overlayers and by creation of. probe pads where desired, Grain sizes can be determined from secondary electron images by the delineation of individual grains due to orientation-dependent channeling of the ion beam, Secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses of small areas can provide ion images, elemental identification of small areas and endpoint detection with depth profiles, Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy sections are prepared routinely using the FIB, These FIB-prepared sections are notable because specific features, such as defects, can be exposed and a range of materials including silicon, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide and even metal layers can be cut without distortion, Transmission electron micrographs of superior quality have been obtained with a large area of very uniform thickness that permits identification of features such as areas under stress.