Origin and Functions of Tissue Macrophages

被引:1212
作者
Epelman, Slava [1 ]
Lavine, Kory J. [1 ]
Randolph, Gwendalyn J. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr Cardiovasc Res,Div Cardiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
[2] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
关键词
HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR-1; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR2; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DENDRITIC CELLS; BONE-MARROW; RESIDENT MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES;
D O I
10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.013
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Macrophages are distributed in tissues throughout the body and contribute to both homeostasis and disease. Recently, it has become evident that most adult tissue macrophages originate during embryonic development and not from circulating monocytes. Each tissue has its own composition of embryonically derived and adult-derived macrophages, but it is unclear whether macrophages of distinct origins are functionally interchangeable or have unique roles at steady state. This new understanding also prompts reconsideration of the function of circulating monocytes. Classical Ly6c(hi) monocytes patrol the extravascular space in resting organs, and Ly6c(lo) nonclassical monocytes patrol the vasculature. Inflammation triggers monocytes to differentiate into macrophages, but whether resident and newly recruited macrophages possess similar functions during inflammation is unclear. Here, we define the tools used for identifying the complex origin of tissue macrophages and discuss the relative contributions of tissue niche versus ontological origin to the regulation of macrophage functions during steady state and inflammation.
引用
收藏
页码:21 / 35
页数:15
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