An instrument is described that can be used to monitor, with unprecedented sensitivity, changes in the optical reflectivity due to crystalline damage incurred during ion implantation. It is shown that at the shot-noise limit, changes in the optical reflectivity of silicon as small as 5.10(-7) can be measured in a 10 Hz bandwidth with a signal-to-noise ratio of 100, corresponding to an extrapolated uniform implantation dose of 5.10(8) cm-2 for B-11+ at 50 keV in silicon.